You’ve moved past the basics-ordering ramen, introducing yourself, navigating train stations. But now you want to say more than ‘I like sushi.’ You want to explain why you’re late, compare two movies, or politely ask someone to wait just a moment. That’s where N4 grammar comes in. This list hands you around 120 of the patterns you’ll need to stop sounding like a phrasebook and start chatting like a real person.
JLPT N4 is that tricky in-between stage where you’re ready to stretch your sentences. Every entry gives you a straightforward meaning and a natural example sentence, so you can see how the pattern works in a real conversation-not just a stiff grammar explanation. No dusty textbook relics, just the structures that help you connect ideas, give reasons, and make your Japanese flow. Round out the same exam level with the JLPT N4 kanji list.
Ready to give your Japanese brain a friendly workout? Scroll to the bottom of the article for the free printable JLPT N4 Japanese grammar vocabulary list PDF and the free downloadable printable JLPT N4 Japanese grammar flashcards.
Use this list as a starting point, then keep going in the Yak Yacker Japanese section for more words, phrases, and study-friendly reference pages.
Quick Quiz
Think you’ve locked a few of these patterns into memory? Give the quick quiz below a spin-it’s a friendly way to spot which grammar points need a second look.
Keep building your Japanese
Choose a practical next step when you are ready.
Browse the Full List
| Word | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ~てみる | to try doing something | この新しい食堂に行ってみませんか。 |
| ~ても | ~te mo | 雨でも行きます。Ame demo ikimasu. |
| ~でも | ~demo | 週末でも働きます。Shūmatsu demo hatarakimasu. |
| ~てもいい | ~te mo ii | ここで写真を撮ってもいいです。Koko de shashin o totte mo ii desu. |
| ~てもらう | to have someone do something for you | 友達に宿題を手伝ってもらいました。 |
| ~と | ~to | 春になると花が咲きます。Haru ni naru to hana ga sakimasu. |
| ~ながら | ~nagara | 音楽を聞きながら勉強します。Ongaku o kikinagara benkyō shimasu. |
| ~なくてはいけない | ~nakute wa ikenai | 宿題をしなくてはいけません。Shukudai o shinakute wa ikemasen. |
| ~なければならない | ~nakereba naranai | 早く帰らなければなりません。Hayaku kaeranakereba narimasen. |
| ~なら | if; in the case that; speaking of | 安いパソコンを買うなら、この店がいいです。 |
| ~にくい | difficult to do | この肉は硬くて食べにくいです。 |
| ~ので | ~node | 時間がないので急ぎます。Jikan ga nai node isogimasu. |
| ~のに | ~noni | 雨なのに出かけます。Ame na noni dekakemasu. |
| ~ば | ~ba | 安ければ買います。Yasukereba kaimasu. |
| ~はずだ | ~hazu da | 彼はもう来るはずです。Kare wa mō kuru hazu desu. |
| ~ほど | ~hodo | この仕事は思ったほど難しくない。Kono shigoto wa omotta hodo muzukashikunai. |
| ~までに | ~made ni | 五時までに来てください。Go-ji made ni kite kudasai. |
| ~まま | ~mama | 電気をつけたまま寝ました。Denki o tsuketa mama nemashita. |
| ~みたいだ | ~mitai da | 外は雪みたいです。Soto wa yuki mitai desu. |
| ~やすい | easy to do | このペンは書きやすいです。 |
| ~ように | ~yō ni | 忘れないようにメモします。Wasurenai yō ni memo shimasu. |
| ~ようになる | ~yō ni naru | 日本語が少し話せるようになりました。Nihongo ga sukoshi hanaseru yō ni narimashita. |
| ~より | ~yori | 夏より冬が好きです。Natsu yori fuyu ga suki desu. |
| ~らしい | ~rashii | その店は人気らしいです。Sono mise wa ninki rashii desu. |
| ~られる | ~rareru | この本は簡単に読めます。Kono hon wa kantan ni yomemasu. |
Free JLPT N4 Japanese Grammar Vocabulary List and Flashcards to Download
Tap the purple button for the JLPT N4 Japanese grammar vocabulary list and the teal button for the JLPT N4 Japanese grammar flashcards. Both are 100% free, with no signup needed—just simple, handy study support.

