電車の日本語
densha no nihongo
Japanese for trains and subways
Japan’s train system is famous for being fast, tidy, and just a little bit intimidating when you are standing in a station wondering why there are twelve exits and all of them seem important.
The good news: you do not need perfect Japanese to survive it. You just need the right words, a calm face, and maybe the energy to politely ask someone where on earth Platform 3 went. This guide gives you 50 useful train and subway phrases with kanji, rōmaji, meanings, and real example sentences you can actually use.
If you want to build your basics first, the main Learn Japanese hub is a solid place to start. And yes, learning how to ask questions in Japanese makes station life much less dramatic.
Useful Train And Subway Phrases
| Japanese | Rōmaji | Meaning | Example (JP) | Example (Rōmaji) | Translation (EN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 駅 | eki | station | 駅はどこですか。 | Eki wa doko desu ka. | Where is the station? |
| 電車 | densha | train | 電車がもうすぐ来ます。 | Densha ga mōsugu kimasu. | The train will arrive soon. |
| 地下鉄 | chikatetsu | subway | この地下鉄は新宿に行きますか。 | Kono chikatetsu wa Shinjuku ni ikimasu ka. | Does this subway go to Shinjuku? |
| ホーム | hōmu | platform | 3番ホームはあちらです。 | San-ban hōmu wa achira desu. | Platform 3 is over there. |
| 改札 | kaisatsu | ticket gate | 改札の前で待ちましょう。 | Kaisatsu no mae de machimashō. | Let’s wait in front of the ticket gate. |
| 切符 | kippu | ticket | 切符をなくしました。 | Kippu o nakushimashita. | I lost my ticket. |
| ICカード | aishī kādo | IC card | ICカードで入れます。 | Aishī kādo de hairemasu. | You can enter with an IC card. |
| 料金 | ryōkin | fare | 東京までの料金はいくらですか。 | Tōkyō made no ryōkin wa ikura desu ka. | How much is the fare to Tokyo? |
| 運賃 | unchin | train fare | 運賃は先に払います。 | Unchin wa saki ni haraimasu. | You pay the fare first. |
| 精算 | seisan | fare adjustment | 精算はあの機械でできます。 | Seisan wa ano kikai de dekimasu. | You can adjust the fare with that machine. |
| Japanese | Rōmaji | Meaning | Example (JP) | Example (Rōmaji) | Translation (EN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 片道 | katamichi | one way | 京都まで片道一枚ください。 | Kyōto made katamichi ichimai kudasai. | One one-way ticket to Kyoto, please. |
| 往復 | ōfuku | round trip | 往復で買えますか。 | Ōfuku de kaemasu ka. | Can I buy a round-trip ticket? |
| 普通 | futsū | local train | この普通は各駅に止まります。 | Kono futsū wa kakueki ni tomarimasu. | This local train stops at every station. |
| 快速 | kaisoku | rapid train | 快速はこの駅に止まりません。 | Kaisoku wa kono eki ni tomarimasen. | The rapid train does not stop at this station. |
| 急行 | kyūkō | express | 急行のほうが早いです。 | Kyūkō no hō ga hayai desu. | The express is faster. |
| 特急 | tokkyū | limited express | 特急には特急券が必要です。 | Tokkyū ni wa tokkyūken ga hitsuyō desu. | You need a limited express ticket for the limited express. |
| 始発 | shihatsu | first train | 始発は5時10分です。 | Shihatsu wa go-ji juppun desu. | The first train is at 5:10. |
| 終電 | shūden | last train | 終電を逃したくないです。 | Shūden o nogashitakunai desu. | I do not want to miss the last train. |
| 時刻表 | jikokuhyō | timetable | 時刻表を見てもいいですか。 | Jikokuhyō o mite mo ii desu ka. | May I look at the timetable? |
| 遅れ | okure | delay | 電車に遅れがあります。 | Densha ni okure ga arimasu. | The train is delayed. |
| Japanese | Rōmaji | Meaning | Example (JP) | Example (Rōmaji) | Translation (EN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 出発 | shuppatsu | departure | まもなく出発します。 | Mamonaku shuppatsu shimasu. | It will depart shortly. |
| 到着 | tōchaku | arrival | 次の電車は10分後に到着します。 | Tsugi no densha wa juppun-go ni tōchaku shimasu. | The next train arrives in 10 minutes. |
| 乗る | noru | to board | この電車に乗ってください。 | Kono densha ni notte kudasai. | Please board this train. |
| 降りる | oriru | to get off | 渋谷で降ります。 | Shibuya de orimasu. | I get off at Shibuya. |
| 乗り換え | norikae | transfer | 新宿で乗り換えです。 | Shinjuku de norikae desu. | You transfer at Shinjuku. |
| 何番線 | nan-bansen | which track/platform number | 東京行きは何番線ですか。 | Tōkyō-yuki wa nan-bansen desu ka. | Which platform is for Tokyo? |
| 出口 | deguchi | exit | 東出口はどこですか。 | Higashi deguchi wa doko desu ka. | Where is the east exit? |
| 入口 | iriguchi | entrance | 入口は反対側です。 | Iriguchi wa hantai-gawa desu. | The entrance is on the other side. |
| 階段 | kaidan | stairs | 階段を上がってください。 | Kaidan o agatte kudasai. | Please go up the stairs. |
| エスカレーター | esukarētā | escalator | エスカレーターは右にあります。 | Esukarētā wa migi ni arimasu. | The escalator is on the right. |
| Japanese | Rōmaji | Meaning | Example (JP) | Example (Rōmaji) | Translation (EN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| エレベーター | erebētā | elevator | エレベーターを使いたいです。 | Erebētā o tsukaitai desu. | I want to use the elevator. |
| 自動券売機 | jidō kenbaiki | ticket machine | 自動券売機はあちらです。 | Jidō kenbaiki wa achira desu. | The ticket machine is over there. |
| 窓口 | madoguchi | ticket counter/window | 窓口で聞きましょう。 | Madoguchi de kikimashō. | Let’s ask at the ticket counter. |
| 定期券 | teikiken | commuter pass | 定期券を更新しました。 | Teikiken o kōshin shimashita. | I renewed my commuter pass. |
| 指定席 | shiteiseki | reserved seat | 指定席を予約しました。 | Shiteiseki o yoyaku shimashita. | I reserved a seat. |
| 自由席 | jiyūseki | non-reserved seat | 自由席は混んでいます。 | Jiyūseki wa konde imasu. | The non-reserved seats are crowded. |
| 優先席 | yūsenseki | priority seat | 優先席の近くでは静かにしましょう。 | Yūsenseki no chikaku de wa shizuka ni shimashō. | Let’s be quiet near the priority seats. |
| 満員 | man’in | full, packed | 朝の電車は満員です。 | Asa no densha wa man’in desu. | The morning train is packed. |
| 空いている | aite iru | not crowded, empty | この車両は少し空いています。 | Kono sharyō wa sukoshi aite imasu. | This car is a little less crowded. |
| 車両 | sharyō | train car | 女性専用車両があります。 | Josei sen’yō sharyō ga arimasu. | There is a women-only car. |
| Japanese | Rōmaji | Meaning | Example (JP) | Example (Rōmaji) | Translation (EN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 次 | tsugi | next | 次は上野です。 | Tsugi wa Ueno desu. | Next is Ueno. |
| 次の駅 | tsugi no eki | next station | 次の駅で降ります。 | Tsugi no eki de orimasu. | I get off at the next station. |
| 終点 | shūten | last stop, terminal station | この電車の終点は池袋です。 | Kono densha no shūten wa Ikebukuro desu. | This train’s last stop is Ikebukuro. |
| 方面 | hōmen | direction, bound for | 新大阪方面はこちらです。 | Shin-Ōsaka hōmen wa kochira desu. | This way is for Shin-Osaka. |
| 路線図 | rosenzu | route map | 路線図を見せてください。 | Rosenzu o misete kudasai. | Please show me the route map. |
| 何分 | nan-pun | how many minutes | 渋谷まで何分ですか。 | Shibuya made nan-pun desu ka. | How many minutes is it to Shibuya? |
| どこで乗り換えますか | doko de norikaemasu ka | where do I transfer? | 大阪駅へはどこで乗り換えますか。 | Ōsaka-eki e wa doko de norikaemasu ka. | Where do I transfer for Osaka Station? |
| この電車は〜に行きますか | kono densha wa ~ ni ikimasu ka | does this train go to ~? | この電車は京都に行きますか。 | Kono densha wa Kyōto ni ikimasu ka. | Does this train go to Kyoto? |
| 〜までお願いします | ~ made onegaishimasu | to ~, please | 新宿までお願いします。 | Shinjuku made onegaishimasu. | To Shinjuku, please. |
| 助けてください | tasukete kudasai | please help me | すみません、道に迷いました。助けてください。 | Sumimasen, michi ni mayoimashita. Tasukete kudasai. | Excuse me, I’m lost. Please help me. |
Polite Questions You Will Actually Use
Now for the extra-useful part: full phrases that sound natural in stations. These are the little survival tools that save you from accidentally boarding a train going in the exact opposite direction. Very character building, sure, but still annoying.
| Japanese | Rōmaji | Meaning | Example (JP) | Example (Rōmaji) | Translation (EN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| すみません | sumimasen | excuse me / sorry | すみません、東京駅はどこですか。 | Sumimasen, Tōkyō-eki wa doko desu ka. | Excuse me, where is Tokyo Station? |
| 〜はどこですか | ~ wa doko desu ka | where is ~? | 山手線のホームはどこですか。 | Yamanote-sen no hōmu wa doko desu ka. | Where is the Yamanote Line platform? |
| いくらですか | ikura desu ka | how much is it? | 新横浜までいくらですか。 | Shin-Yokohama made ikura desu ka. | How much is it to Shin-Yokohama? |
| 間に合いますか | maniaimasu ka | will I make it in time? | 8時の新幹線に間に合いますか。 | Hachi-ji no shinkansen ni maniaimasu ka. | Will I make the 8 o’clock bullet train? |
| もう出ましたか | mō demashita ka | has it already left? | 京都行きの電車はもう出ましたか。 | Kyōto-yuki no densha wa mō demashita ka. | Has the train for Kyoto already left? |
| 遅れていますか | okurete imasu ka | is it delayed? | この電車は遅れていますか。 | Kono densha wa okurete imasu ka. | Is this train delayed? |
| 一番近い出口 | ichiban chikai deguchi | nearest exit | ホテルに一番近い出口はどれですか。 | Hoteru ni ichiban chikai deguchi wa dore desu ka. | Which exit is closest to the hotel? |
| 英語の地図はありますか | eigo no chizu wa arimasu ka | do you have an English map? | 英語の地図はありますか。 | Eigo no chizu wa arimasu ka. | Do you have an English map? |
| もう一度お願いします | mō ichido onegaishimasu | one more time, please | すみません、もう一度お願いします。 | Sumimasen, mō ichido onegaishimasu. | Excuse me, one more time, please. |
| ゆっくりお願いします | yukkuri onegaishimasu | please speak slowly | 日本語がまだ下手なので、ゆっくりお願いします。 | Nihongo ga mada heta na node, yukkuri onegaishimasu. | My Japanese is still weak, so please speak slowly. |
Mini Survival Sentences For Stations
These are short, handy lines. Not glamorous. Not poetic. But extremely useful when you are holding a bag, looking at six signs, and trying to function like a person.
| Japanese | Rōmaji | Meaning | Example (JP) | Example (Rōmaji) | Translation (EN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| トイレはどこですか | toire wa doko desu ka | where is the restroom? | トイレはどこですか。 | Toire wa doko desu ka. | Where is the restroom? |
| この席は空いていますか | kono seki wa aite imasu ka | is this seat free? | この席は空いていますか。 | Kono seki wa aite imasu ka. | Is this seat free? |
| ここに並びますか | koko ni narabimasu ka | do I line up here? | ここに並びますか。 | Koko ni narabimasu ka. | Do I line up here? |
| 急いでいます | isoide imasu | I’m in a hurry | すみません、少し急いでいます。 | Sumimasen, sukoshi isoide imasu. | Excuse me, I’m in a bit of a hurry. |
| 迷いました | mayoimashita | I’m lost | 駅の中で迷いました。 | Eki no naka de mayoimashita. | I got lost inside the station. |
| 大丈夫です | daijōbu desu | it’s okay / I’m fine | ありがとうございます、もう大丈夫です。 | Arigatō gozaimasu, mō daijōbu desu. | Thank you, I’m okay now. |
| お願いします | onegaishimasu | please | 東京まで一枚お願いします。 | Tōkyō made ichimai onegaishimasu. | One ticket to Tokyo, please. |
| ありがとうございます | arigatō gozaimasu | thank you | 教えてくれてありがとうございます。 | Oshiete kurete arigatō gozaimasu. | Thank you for telling me. |
| わかりました | wakarimashita | I understand | はい、わかりました。 | Hai, wakarimashita. | Yes, I understand. |
| わかりません | wakarimasen | I don’t understand | すみません、よくわかりません。 | Sumimasen, yoku wakarimasen. | Sorry, I don’t really understand. |
Curious Bits That Make Train Japanese Easier
電車
densha
usually means train in everyday speech.
地下鉄
chikatetsu
is specifically the subway or metro.
乗り換え
norikae
means transfer. You will see and hear this constantly. It is one of those words that starts as vocabulary and quickly turns into a lifestyle.
番線
bansen
is the numbered track or platform. If you can ask 何番線ですか
nan-bansen desu ka
you are already much more dangerous in a Japanese station, in the best way.
Also, when asking for help, adding すみません
sumimasen
at the start makes everything softer and more polite. Pair that with お願いします
onegaishimasu
and you sound much more natural. If you want a deeper feel for polite requests, this guide to saying please in Japanese helps a lot.
You do not need full sentences every time. Even 新宿までお願いします
Shinjuku made onegaishimasu
gets the job done beautifully.
Quick Pattern Guide
Here are a few super-reusable patterns. Learn these and you can swap in your destination, station name, or line name without memorizing fifty completely different sentences like a sleep-deprived robot.
| Pattern | Rōmaji | Meaning | Example | Example (Rōmaji) | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 〜はどこですか | ~ wa doko desu ka | Where is ~? | 改札はどこですか。 | Kaisatsu wa doko desu ka. | Where is the ticket gate? |
| 〜までいくらですか | ~ made ikura desu ka | How much is it to ~? | 品川までいくらですか。 | Shinagawa made ikura desu ka. | How much is it to Shinagawa? |
| この電車は〜に行きますか | kono densha wa ~ ni ikimasu ka | Does this train go to ~? | この電車は横浜に行きますか。 | Kono densha wa Yokohama ni ikimasu ka. | Does this train go to Yokohama? |
| 〜で降ります | ~ de orimasu | I get off at ~ | 東京で降ります。 | Tōkyō de orimasu. | I get off at Tokyo. |
| 〜で乗り換えます | ~ de norikaemasu | I transfer at ~ | 新橋で乗り換えます。 | Shimbashi de norikaemasu. | I transfer at Shimbashi. |
Helpful Related Japanese For Travelers
If train Japanese is your current mission, it also helps to know everyday beginner words, basic question patterns, and simple travel expressions. A few smart next steps are 100 Japanese words and phrases to start learning, common Japanese greetings and daily expressions, and more practice with Japanese question words and question patterns.
Yak Takeaway
Japanese stations can feel like a boss level at first, but the language you need is surprisingly manageable. Learn the high-frequency words like 駅
eki
station, 改札
kaisatsu
ticket gate, ホーム
hōmu
platform, and 乗り換え
norikae
transfer, then build around them with simple questions like 〜はどこですか
~ wa doko desu ka
where is ~? and この電車は〜に行きますか
kono densha wa ~ ni ikimasu ka
does this train go to ~?
You do not need to sound fancy. You need to be clear, polite, and just confident enough to ask before the doors close and your life becomes an accidental regional tour. That is progress.





