Essential Japanese conversation phrases

80 Essential Japanese Phrases for Easy Conversation

日本語の会話フレーズ
nihongo no kaiwa furēzu
Japanese conversation phrases

Japanese conversation gets much less scary once you stop trying to build every sentence from scratch. A handful of common phrases does a ridiculous amount of heavy lifting. You greet people, react, ask simple questions, survive awkward silences, and suddenly you look a lot more capable than you feel. That is basically the secret.

And yes, some phrases are tiny. Very tiny. But tiny does not mean weak. In real conversation, short phrases like “really?”, “I see,” and “please” are everywhere. They are the glue. Without them, your Japanese can sound like a robot reading a shopping list.

If you are still building your basics, the guide to 100 Japanese words and phrases to start learning is a solid warm-up before diving into full conversation mode.

Greetings And First Contact

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
おはようございますohayō gozaimasuGood morningおはようございます。今日は早いですね。Ohayō gozaimasu. Kyō wa hayai desu ne.Good morning. You are early today.
こんにちはkonnichiwaHello / Good afternoonこんにちは、お元気ですか。Konnichiwa, ogenki desu ka.Hello, how are you?
こんばんはkonbanwaGood eveningこんばんは。今帰りですか。Konbanwa. Ima kaeri desu ka.Good evening. Are you heading home now?
はじめましてhajimemashiteNice to meet youはじめまして、田中です。Hajimemashite, Tanaka desu.Nice to meet you, I’m Tanaka.
よろしくお願いしますyoroshiku onegaishimasuPlease treat me well / Nice to meet youこれからよろしくお願いしますKore kara yoroshiku onegaishimasu.I look forward to working with you.
お久しぶりですohisashiburi desuLong time no seeお久しぶりです。お元気でしたか。Ohisashiburi desu. Ogenki deshita ka.Long time no see. Have you been well?
また会いましょうmata aimashōLet’s meet againでは、来週また会いましょうDewa, raishū mata aimashō.Well then, let’s meet again next week.
さようならsayōnaraGoodbye今日はここでさようならKyō wa koko de sayōnara.Goodbye for today here.
じゃあねjā neSee youまた明日。じゃあねMata ashita. Jā ne.See you tomorrow. See you.
またねmata neSee you later気をつけて。またねKi o tsukete. Mata ne.Take care. See you later.

Polite Everyday Essentials

These are the phrases that keep conversation smooth and keep you from sounding like you just kicked in the door and started demanding noodles.

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
ありがとうございますarigatō gozaimasuThank you助けてくれてありがとうございますTasukete kurete arigatō gozaimasu.Thank you for helping me.
どうもありがとうございますdōmo arigatō gozaimasuThank you very much本当にどうもありがとうございますHontō ni dōmo arigatō gozaimasu.Thank you very much, really.
すみませんsumimasenExcuse me / Sorryすみません、駅はどこですか。Sumimasen, eki wa doko desu ka.Excuse me, where is the station?
ごめんなさいgomennasaiI’m sorry遅れてごめんなさいOkurete gomennasai.Sorry for being late.
お願いしますonegaishimasuPlease水を一つお願いしますMizu o hitotsu onegaishimasu.One water, please.
どういたしましてdō itashimashiteYou’re welcome「ありがとう」「どういたしまして“Arigatō.” “Dō itashimashite.”“Thanks.” “You’re welcome.”
失礼しますshitsurei shimasuExcuse me / Pardon me先に失礼しますSaki ni shitsurei shimasu.Excuse me, I’ll leave first.
大丈夫ですdaijōbu desuIt’s okay / I’m fine私は大丈夫ですWatashi wa daijōbu desu.I’m fine.
結構ですkekkō desuNo thank you / That’s enoughそれで結構ですSore de kekkō desu.That will be fine.
お願いしますくださいonegaishimasu, kudasaiPlease / Please give meメニューをくださいMenyū o kudasai.Please give me the menu.

If you want a deeper look at polite requests, how to say please in Japanese clears up when to use お願いします and when ください does the job.

Simple Conversation Starters

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
お元気ですかogenki desu kaHow are you?お元気ですか。最近どうですか。Ogenki desu ka. Saikin dō desu ka.How are you? How have things been lately?
元気ですgenki desuI’m fineはい、元気ですHai, genki desu.Yes, I’m fine.
最近どうですかsaikin dō desu kaHow have you been lately?最近どうですか。忙しいですか。Saikin dō desu ka. Isogashii desu ka.How have you been lately? Are you busy?
お名前は何ですかonamae wa nan desu kaWhat is your name?お名前は何ですかOnamae wa nan desu ka.What is your name?
私は〜ですwatashi wa 〜 desuI am ~私はマイクですWatashi wa Maiku desu.I’m Mike.
どこから来ましたかdoko kara kimashita kaWhere are you from?どこから来ましたかDoko kara kimashita ka.Where are you from?
アメリカから来ましたAmerika kara kimashitaI’m from America私はアメリカから来ましたWatashi wa Amerika kara kimashita.I’m from America.
日本は初めてですかNihon wa hajimete desu kaIs this your first time in Japan?日本は初めてですかNihon wa hajimete desu ka.Is this your first time in Japan?
日本語を勉強していますNihongo o benkyō shiteimasuI’m studying Japanese今、日本語を勉強していますIma, Nihongo o benkyō shiteimasu.I’m studying Japanese now.
英語は話せますかEigo wa hanasemasu kaDo you speak English?英語は話せますかEigo wa hanasemasu ka.Do you speak English?

Questions You Will Use Constantly

Questions are where real conversation starts. Also where panic starts. Conveniently, the same phrases help with both.

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
何ですかnan desu kaWhat is it?これは何ですかKore wa nan desu ka.What is this?
どこですかdoko desu kaWhere is it?トイレはどこですかToire wa doko desu ka.Where is the bathroom?
いつですかitsu desu kaWhen is it?会議はいつですかKaigi wa itsu desu ka.When is the meeting?
誰ですかdare desu kaWho is it?あの人は誰ですかAno hito wa dare desu ka.Who is that person?
なぜですかnaze desu kaWhy is that?なぜですか。理由を教えてください。Naze desu ka. Riyū o oshiete kudasai.Why is that? Please tell me the reason.
どうやってdō yatteHow?駅までどうやって行きますか。Eki made dō yatte ikimasu ka.How do I get to the station?
いくらですかikura desu kaHow much is it?これはいくらですかKore wa ikura desu ka.How much is this?
どういう意味ですかdō iu imi desu kaWhat does it mean?この漢字はどういう意味ですかKono kanji wa dō iu imi desu ka.What does this kanji mean?
もう一度お願いしますmō ichido onegaishimasuOne more time, pleaseもう一度お願いします。聞こえませんでした。Mō ichido onegaishimasu. Kikoemasen deshita.One more time, please. I didn’t hear it.
ゆっくり話してくださいyukkuri hanashite kudasaiPlease speak slowlyゆっくり話してください。日本語はまだ下手です。Yukkuri hanashite kudasai. Nihongo wa mada heta desu.Please speak slowly. My Japanese is still poor.

For more question patterns, the guide to questions in Japanese helps you go beyond survival mode and actually keep a chat moving.

Useful Reactions And Fillers

Good conversation is not only about long sentences. Sometimes it is just excellent timing with “Really?” and “I see.”

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
はいhaiYesはい、わかりました。Hai, wakarimashita.Yes, I understand.
いいえiieNoいいえ、違います。Iie, chigaimasu.No, that’s different.
そうですsō desuThat’s rightはい、そうですHai, sō desu.Yes, that’s right.
そうですねsō desu neLet me see / That’s trueそうですね、面白い考えです。Sō desu ne, omoshiroi kangae desu.Hmm, that’s an interesting idea.
そうですかsō desu kaIs that so? / I seeそうですか。知りませんでした。Sō desu ka. Shirimasen deshita.Oh really? I didn’t know.
本当ですかhontō desu kaReally?本当ですか。すごいですね。Hontō desu ka. Sugoi desu ne.Really? That’s amazing.
なるほどnaruhodoI see / That makes senseなるほど、だから遅れたんですね。Naruhodo, dakara okureta n desu ne.I see, so that’s why you were late.
たしかにtashika niTrue indeedたしかに、それは難しいです。Tashika ni, sore wa muzukashii desu.True, that is difficult.
すごいsugoiAmazingすごい。日本語が上手ですね。Sugoi. Nihongo ga jōzu desu ne.Amazing. Your Japanese is good.
いいですねii desu neThat sounds goodその店はいいですねSono mise wa ii desu ne.That shop sounds nice.

Talking About Yourself

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
私は学生ですwatashi wa gakusei desuI am a student私は学生です。大学で勉強しています。Watashi wa gakusei desu. Daigaku de benkyō shiteimasu.I am a student. I study at a university.
会社員ですkaishain desuI am an office worker父は会社員ですChichi wa kaishain desu.My father is an office worker.
趣味は音楽ですshumi wa ongaku desuMy hobby is music私の趣味は音楽ですWatashi no shumi wa ongaku desu.My hobby is music.
映画が好きですeiga ga suki desuI like movies私は映画が好きですWatashi wa eiga ga suki desu.I like movies.
猫が好きですneko ga suki desuI like cats姉は猫が好きですAne wa neko ga suki desu.My older sister likes cats.
スポーツはあまりしませんsupōtsu wa amari shimasenI do not really play sports私はスポーツはあまりしませんWatashi wa supōtsu wa amari shimasen.I do not really play sports.
日本語は少し話せますNihongo wa sukoshi hanasemasuI can speak a little Japanese日本語は少し話せますNihongo wa sukoshi hanasemasu.I can speak a little Japanese.
まだ勉強中ですmada benkyōchū desuI’m still studying日本語はまだ勉強中ですNihongo wa mada benkyōchū desu.I’m still studying Japanese.
日本が大好きですNihon ga daisuki desuI love Japan私は日本が大好きですWatashi wa Nihon ga daisuki desu.I love Japan.
よろしくお願いしますyoroshiku onegaishimasuPlease be kind to me日本語は初心者です。よろしくお願いしますNihongo wa shoshinsha desu. Yoroshiku onegaishimasu.I’m a beginner in Japanese. Please be kind to me.

Daily Need-To-Know Phrases

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
わかりますwakarimasuI understandはい、わかりますHai, wakarimasu.Yes, I understand.
わかりませんwakarimasenI do not understandすみません、わかりませんSumimasen, wakarimasen.Sorry, I do not understand.
知っていますshitteimasuI knowその歌を知っていますSono uta o shitteimasu.I know that song.
知りませんshirimasenI do not knowその人は知りませんSono hito wa shirimasen.I do not know that person.
大丈夫ですかdaijōbu desu kaAre you okay?大丈夫ですか。顔色が悪いです。Daijōbu desu ka. Kaoiro ga warui desu.Are you okay? You look pale.
手伝いましょうかtetsudaimashō kaShall I help?荷物が多いですね。手伝いましょうかNimotsu ga ōi desu ne. Tetsudaimashō ka.You have a lot of bags. Shall I help?
ちょっと待ってくださいchotto matte kudasaiPlease wait a momentちょっと待ってください。今行きます。Chotto matte kudasai. Ima ikimasu.Please wait a moment. I’m coming now.
急いでいますisoideimasuI’m in a hurryすみません、今急いでいますSumimasen, ima isoideimasu.Sorry, I’m in a hurry now.
時間がありますかjikan ga arimasu kaDo you have time?少し時間がありますかSukoshi jikan ga arimasu ka.Do you have a little time?
問題ありませんmondai arimasenNo problem遅れても問題ありませんOkurete mo mondai arimasen.Even if you are late, there is no problem.

Eating, Shopping, And Getting Around

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
これをくださいkore o kudasaiPlease give me thisこれをくださいKore o kudasai.I’ll take this, please.
おすすめは何ですかosusume wa nan desu kaWhat do you recommend?おすすめは何ですかOsusume wa nan desu ka.What do you recommend?
美味しいですoishii desuIt is deliciousこのラーメンは美味しいですKono rāmen wa oishii desu.This ramen is delicious.
お会計お願いしますokaikei onegaishimasuCheck, pleaseすみません、お会計お願いしますSumimasen, okaikei onegaishimasu.Excuse me, check please.
カードは使えますかkādo wa tsukaemasu kaCan I use a card?カードは使えますかKādo wa tsukaemasu ka.Can I use a card?
現金だけですかgenkin dake desu kaIs it cash only?現金だけですかGenkin dake desu ka.Is it cash only?
駅へ行きたいですeki e ikitai desuI want to go to the station駅へ行きたいですEki e ikitai desu.I want to go to the station.
ここで降りますkoko de orimasuI get off here次でここで降りますTsugi de koko de orimasu.I get off here at the next stop.
道に迷いましたmichi ni mayoimashitaI’m lostすみません、道に迷いましたSumimasen, michi ni mayoimashita.Excuse me, I’m lost.
助けてくださいtasukete kudasaiPlease help me助けてください。携帯がありません。Tasukete kudasai. Keitai ga arimasen.Please help me. I do not have my phone.

Invitations, Opinions, And Social Phrases

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
一緒に行きませんかissho ni ikimasen kaWould you like to go together?映画に一緒に行きませんかEiga ni issho ni ikimasen ka.Would you like to go to a movie together?
いいですねii desu neSounds good土曜日でどうですか。いいですねDoyōbi de dō desu ka. Ii desu ne.How about Saturday? Sounds good.
ぜひzehiDefinitely / By all meansまた来てください。ぜひMata kite kudasai. Zehi.Please come again. Definitely.
たぶんtabunProbably明日はたぶん暇です。Ashita wa tabun hima desu.I’m probably free tomorrow.
もちろんmochironOf courseもちろん、手伝います。Mochiron, tetsudaimasu.Of course, I’ll help.
どう思いますかdō omoimasu kaWhat do you think?この案をどう思いますかKono an o dō omoimasu ka.What do you think of this idea?
いいと思いますii to omoimasuI think it is goodその計画はいいと思いますSono keikaku wa ii to omoimasu.I think that plan is good.
私はそう思いませんwatashi wa sō omoimasenI do not think soすみません、私はそう思いませんSumimasen, watashi wa sō omoimasen.Sorry, I do not think so.
楽しかったですtanoshikatta desuIt was fun今日は楽しかったですKyō wa tanoshikatta desu.Today was fun.
また誘ってくださいmata sasotte kudasaiPlease invite me againとても楽しかったです。また誘ってくださいTotemo tanoshikatta desu. Mata sasotte kudasai.I had a great time. Please invite me again.

Common Trouble-Saver Phrases

KanjiRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
日本語があまり話せませんNihongo ga amari hanasemasenI do not speak much Japaneseすみません、日本語があまり話せませんSumimasen, Nihongo ga amari hanasemasen.Sorry, I do not speak much Japanese.
英語でいいですかEigo de ii desu kaIs English okay?英語でいいですかEigo de ii desu ka.Is English okay?
書いてくださいkaite kudasaiPlease write it downわからないので、書いてくださいWakaranai node, kaite kudasai.I do not understand, so please write it down.
見せてくださいmisete kudasaiPlease show me地図を見せてくださいChizu o misete kudasai.Please show me the map.
今何時ですかima nanji desu kaWhat time is it now?今何時ですかIma nanji desu ka.What time is it now?
病院はどこですかbyōin wa doko desu kaWhere is the hospital?病院はどこですかByōin wa doko desu ka.Where is the hospital?
警察を呼んでくださいkeisatsu o yonde kudasaiPlease call the police警察を呼んでくださいKeisatsu o yonde kudasai.Please call the police.
忘れ物をしましたwasuremono o shimashitaI left something behind電車に忘れ物をしましたDensha ni wasuremono o shimashita.I left something on the train.
もう少しゆっくりmō sukoshi yukkuriA little more slowlyもう少しゆっくりお願いします。Mō sukoshi yukkuri onegaishimasu.A little more slowly, please.
発音は合っていますかhatsuon wa atteimasu kaIs my pronunciation correct?発音は合っていますかHatsuon wa atteimasu ka.Is my pronunciation correct?

Quick Variants And Nuance Notes

PhraseRōmajiMeaningNuanceExample (JP)Translation (EN)
すみませんsumimasenExcuse me / SorryVery flexible and extremely usefulすみません、これをお願いします。Excuse me, I’d like this please.
ごめんなさいgomennasaiI’m sorryMore direct apology本当にごめんなさいI’m really sorry.
じゃあねjā neSee youCasual, for friendsまた後で。じゃあねSee you later. Bye.
さようならsayōnaraGoodbyeMore formal or final-sounding先生にさようならと言いました。I said goodbye to the teacher.
はいhaiYesPolite and clearはい、そうです。Yes, that’s right.
うんunYeahCasual, among friendsうん、わかった。Yeah, got it.

Common Mistakes To Avoid

  • はい
    hai
    Yes is not always agreement. Sometimes it just means “I hear you.”
    Example: はい、わかりました
    Hai, wakarimashita.
    Okay, understood.
  • 大丈夫です
    daijōbu desu
    This can mean “I’m okay,” “No thanks,” or “It’s fine.” Lovely. Efficient. Slightly annoying.
    Example: 水は大丈夫です
    Mizu wa daijōbu desu.
    I’m okay without water.
  • よろしくお願いします
    yoroshiku onegaishimasu
    Do not force a literal translation. It is more like a social magic phrase for goodwill.
    Example: 今日はよろしくお願いします
    Kyō wa yoroshiku onegaishimasu.
    Thanks in advance for today.
  • あなた
    anata
    You can say it, but Japanese often drops “you” and uses the person’s name instead.
    Example: 田中さんはお元気ですか
    Tanaka-san wa ogenki desu ka.
    How are you, Tanaka?

Quick Reference Summary

  • こんにちは
    konnichiwa
    Hello
  • ありがとうございます
    arigatō gozaimasu
    Thank you
  • すみません
    sumimasen
    Excuse me / Sorry
  • お願いします
    onegaishimasu
    Please
  • お元気ですか
    ogenki desu ka
    How are you?
  • 何ですか
    nan desu ka
    What is it?
  • どこですか
    doko desu ka
    Where is it?
  • わかりません
    wakarimasen
    I do not understand
  • もう一度お願いします
    mō ichido onegaishimasu
    One more time, please
  • ゆっくり話してください
    yukkuri hanashite kudasai
    Please speak slowly

If you want more foundation before memorizing whole phrases, the main Learn Japanese hub pulls together beginner-friendly lessons in one place. And if you want to keep going after conversation basics, this related Japanese lesson is a handy next stop.

The big takeaway: do not wait until your Japanese is perfect before speaking. Perfect Japanese does not start conversations. Actual phrases do. Learn these, use them badly if necessary, and let real interaction do the rest. A little awkwardness is normal. Honestly, it is practically a study method.