Contemporary Chinese Book 3 Vocabulary And Grammar List

Welcome to the vocabulary and grammar of A Course in Contemporary Chinese Book 3（當代中文課程第三冊 Dāngdài Zhōngwén Kèchéng dì sān cè）—the point where your Chinese stops being “textbook cute” and starts being useful in the wild. You’ll see longer sentences, richer topics, and more of that very Taiwanese habit of sounding polite while also being extremely direct. Fun!

This page is here to make your studying less messy. While you work through Books 1–5, we provide two clean lists—Book 3 vocabulary and Book 3 grammar points—so you can review quickly, drill patterns, and practice without constantly flipping around the textbook. The book teaches; this page supports. Like a helpful yak holding your flashcards and judging you (gently) if you skip review day.

Want the official series overview (levels, editions, details)? Use this page: A Course in Contemporary Chinese (Official Page). Need the official place to buy the books? Here’s the shop: MTC Online Store.

Need the full roadmap? Back to the hub: Learn Traditional Chinese. Jump between books in this series: Book 1, Book 2, Book 4, Book 5. Studying for TOCFL too? Extra reps live here: TOCFL Novice 1, TOCFL Novice 2, Level 1, Level 2, Level 3, Level 4, Level 5.

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Back To Learn Traditional Chinese

Book 3 Vocabulary List

This section is where the Contemporary Chinese Book 3 vocabulary table goes. Add your big table here, then use it for fast review, flashcards, and “oh right, that word” moments.

English	Traditional	Pinyin	Lesson
accounting, an accountant	會計	kuài jì	1
(I am) afraid that, probably	恐怕	kǒng pà	1
to be against	反對	fǎn duì	1
to be all right	行	xíng	1
to apply for	申請	shēn qǐng	1
to audit	旁聽	páng tīng	1
barely, nearly, almost	差一點	chà yī diǎn	1
class (students)	班	bān	1
clear(ly)	清楚	qīng chǔ	1
to deal with	辦	bàn	1
academic department	科系	kē xì	1
diligent (as a student)	用功	yòng gōng	1
explanation	說明	shuō míng	1
to fail a course	當	dāng	1
to fill out (a form)	填	tián	1
a form	表	biǎo	1
to give up	放棄	fàng qì	1
highly popular	熱門	rè mén	1
ideal, aspired	理想	lǐ xiǎng	1
if it goes on like this	這樣下去	zhè yàng xià qù	1
to be late (arrival)	遲到	chí dào	1
a letter of recommendation	推薦信	tuī jiàn xìn	1
a man from Honduras	安德思	ān dé sī	1
to match	合	hé	1
new student	新生	xīn shēng	1
a man from Honduras	安德思	ān dé sī	1
to match	合	hé	1
new student	新生	xīn shēng	1
only child (girl)	獨生女	dú shēng nǚ	1
to oppose	反對	fǎn duì	1
oral test	口試	kǒu shì	1
originally	原本	yuán běn	1
points	分	fēn	1
pressure	壓力	yā lì	1
private	私立	sī lì	1
procedures	手續	shǒu xù	1
report card	成績單	chéng jì dān	1
seat, place	位子	wèi zi	1
to sit in on (a class)	旁聽	páng tīng	1
soy milk	豆漿	dòu jiāng	1
speaking skills	口才	kǒu cái	1
stable	穩定	wěn dìng	1
(school) to start	開學	kāi xué	1
stress	壓力	yā lì	1
strict, stern	嚴	yán	1
to take a break from school	休學	xiū xué	1
to tally with	合	hé	1
to test into	考上	kǎo shàng	1
there’s no way	沒辦法	méi bàn fǎ	1
to transfer (major)	轉	zhuǎn	1
verbal, oral	口頭	kǒu tóu	1
a woman from Indonesia	羅珊蒂	luó shān dì	1
a woman from Taiwan	何雅婷	hé yǎ tíng	1
to worry about	擔心	dān xīn	1
written test	筆試	bǐ shì	1
after discount	打完折	dǎ wán zhé	2
Alien Resident Certificate (ARC)	居留證	jū liú zhèng	2
anniversary	週年慶	zhōu nián qìng	2
appearance, looks	樣子	yàng zi	2
automatically	自動	zì dòng	2
bill	帳單	zhàng dān	2
brand	牌子	pái zi	2
cash	現金	xiàn jīn	2
to cause, to do	弄	nòng	2
to change to	換成	huàn chéng	2
to cheat	騙	piàn	2
choices	選擇	xuǎn zé	2
coat, jacket	外套	wài tào	2
commodities	商品	shāng pǐn	2
contrary to assumption	誰知道	shéi zhī dào	2
customer	顧客	gù kè	2
customer service center	客服中心	kè fú zhōng xīn	2
discount	折扣	zhé kòu	2
discerning	細心	xì xīn	2
especially, in particular	尤其	yóu qí	2
to exchange	交換	jiāo huàn	2
explanation	解釋	jiě shì	2
to feel	摸	mō	2
foreign language	外語	wài yǔ	2
generally speaking	一般來說	yī bān lái shuō	2
generally	一般	yī bān	2
to go shopping	購物	gòu wù	2
gods, divinities	神	shén	2
goods	商品	shāng pǐn	2
to have a hole	破洞	pò dòng	2
to include	包括	bāo kuò	2
by itself, on its own	自動	zì dòng	2
lamb’s wool	羊毛	yáng máo	2
to lose	弄丟	nòng diū	2
verbal measure word	頓	dùn	2
a monthly plan	月租型	yuè zū xíng	2
verbal measure word	頓	dùn	2
a monthly plan	月租型	yuè zū xíng	2
to offer a discount	打折	dǎ zhé	2
original piece	原作	yuán zuò	2
painful	痛苦	tòng kǔ	2
to pay a fee	繳費	jiǎo fèi	2
please (allow me to trouble you)	麻煩	má fan	2
prepaid SIM card	預付卡	yù fù kǎ	2
quality	品質	pǐn zhí	2
receipt	發票	fā piào	2
to repair	修理	xiū lǐ	2
retail outlet	門市	mén shì	2
to return (purchases)	退	tuì	2
salesperson, store clerk	店員	diàn yuán	2
to save, to put away	存	cún	2
shocked, startled	嚇一跳	xià yī tiào	2
short	短	duǎn	2
to sign	簽名	qiān míng	2
solution	辦法	bàn fǎ	2
starting from	起	qǐ	2
store manager	店長	diàn zhǎng	2
to swipe (credit card)	刷卡	shuā kǎ	2
telecommunications	電信	diàn xìn	2
to touch	摸	mō	2
to try on (garments)	試穿	shì chuān	2
to turn off, to shut down	關機	guān jī	2
unlimited data	吃到飽	chī dào bǎo	2
warm	暖和	nuǎn huo	2
in accordance with, according to	根據	gēn jù	3
actual	實際	shí jì	3
agriculture	農業	nóng yè	3
air	空氣	kōng qì	3
air conditioning	冷氣	lěng qì	3
almost	幾乎	jǐ hū	3
amongst	當中	dāng zhōng	3
ancestor	祖先	zǔ xiān	3
in ancient times	古時候	gǔ shí hou	3
based on	根據	gēn jù	3
below zero	零下	líng xià	3
to be blazing hot	出大太陽	chū dà tài yáng	3
can’t stand it	受不了	shòu bù liǎo	3
change	變化	biàn huà	3
cherry blossom	櫻花	yīng huā	3
cool	涼快	liáng kuài	3
degree	度	dù	3
dehumidifier	除濕機	chú shī jī	3
to differ	差	chā	3
the Dragon Boat Festival	端午節	duān wǔ jié	3
to drive away	趕走	gǎn zǒu	3
dry	乾	gān	3
effect	作用	zuò yòng	3
to emigrate	移民	yí mín	3
ethnic group	民族	mín zú	3
farmer	農人	nóng rén	3
to feel	感覺	gǎn jué	3
fortunately	幸虧	xìng kuī	3
fragrant	香	xiāng	3
fresh	新鮮	xīn xiān	3
to get together	團聚	tuán jù	3
to hang	掛	guà	3
hard-to-come-by	難得	nán dé	3
harvest	收成	shōu chéng	3
to hide	躲	duǒ	3
historically	古時候	gǔ shí hou	3
to honor	拜	bài	3
hotpot	火鍋	huǒ guō	3
humid	潮濕	cháo shī	3
to immigrate	移民	yí mín	3
influence	影響	yǐng xiǎng	3
the lunar calendar	農曆	nóng lì	3
a man from Japan	高橋健太	gāo qiáo jiàn tài	3
method	做法	zuò fǎ	3
the Mid-Autumn Festival	中秋節	zhōng qiū jié	3
to mildew	發霉	fā méi	3
moon	月亮	yuè liàng	3
moon cake	月餅	yuè bǐng	3
mosquitoes	蚊子	wén zi	3
it’s no wonder	難怪	nán guài	3
the lunar calendar	農曆	nóng lì	3
a man from Japan	高橋健太	gāo qiáo jiàn tài	3
method	做法	zuò fǎ	3
the Mid-Autumn Festival	中秋節	zhōng qiū jié	3
to mildew	發霉	fā méi	3
moon	月亮	yuè liàng	3
moon cake	月餅	yuè bǐng	3
mosquitoes	蚊子	wén zi	3
it’s no wonder	難怪	nán guài	3
of	的	de	3
pestilence	瘟疫	wēn yì	3
place	造成	zào chéng	3
pomelo	柚子	yòu zi	3
to present offerings	拜拜	bài bài	3
rainy season	雨季	yǔ jì	3
rare	難得	nán dé	3
regular liquor	雄黃酒	xióng huáng jiǔ	3
to receive, to get	受到	shòu dào	3
to reunite	團聚	tuán jù	3
round	圓	yuán	3
seafood	海鮮	hǎi xiān	3
season	季節	jì jié	3
society	社會	shè huì	3
somewhat	多少	duō shǎo	3
to spend the holiday (a certain way)	過節	guò jié	3
stepmother’s face, stern look	後母臉	hòu mǔ liǎn	3
story	故事	gù shì	3
stuffy	悶	mēn	3
superstition	迷信	mí xìn	3
temperature	溫度	wēn dù	3
temperature (weather)	氣溫	qì wēn	3
the Netherlands	荷蘭	hé lán	3
to venerate ancestors	祭祖	jì zǔ	3
warm, heart-warming	溫馨	wēn xīn	3
to wear (upper garments)	戴	dài	3
to be windy	颳風	guā fēng	3
a woman from the Netherlands	陳婉菱	chén wǎn líng	3
ancient, antiquated	古老	gǔ lǎo	4
to appreciate, to enjoy	欣賞	xīn shǎng	4
authentic	道地	dào dì	4
beautiful	美麗	měi lì	4
black tea (lit. red tea)	紅茶	hóng chá	4
boring, dull	無聊	wú liáo	4
to build	蓋	gài	4
category	種類	zhǒng lèi	4
chicken fillet	雞排	jī pái	4
Chihkan Tower	赤崁樓	chì kǎn lóu	4
colleague, coworker	同事	tóng shì	4
Confucian Temple	孔廟	kǒng miào	4
congee	粥	zhōu	4
customs	風俗	fēng sú	4
danzai noodles	擔仔麵	dàn zǎi miàn	4
delicacies	美食	měi shí	4
to be discriminating	講究	jiǎng jiù	4
to earn	賺	zhuàn	4
the East District (of Taipei)	東區	dōng qū	4
to emphasize	強調	qiáng diào	4
feeling	感覺	gǎn jué	4
field trip	校外教學	xiào wài jiào xué	4
fireworks	煙火	yān huǒ	4
to go up to	走到	zǒu dào	4
habit	習慣	xí guàn	4
historical site	古蹟	gǔ jī	4
history	歷史	lì shǐ	4
to be hospitable	人情味	rén qíng wèi	4
ideals, aspirations	理想	lǐ xiǎng	4
Japanese last name: Lingmu	鈴木	líng mù	4
just now	剛剛	gāng gāng	4
the Lantern Festival	元宵節	yuán xiāo jié	4
to leave behind	留下來	liú xià lái	4
local	當地	dāng dì	4
to love	愛	ài	4
to make (friends)	交	jiāo	4
measure word for duration of a meal	頓	dùn	4
to miss (an opportunity)	錯過	cuò guò	4
mouthful	口	kǒu	4
to be moved	感動	gǎn dòng	4
narrow	窄	zhǎi	4
night view	夜景	yè jǐng	4
to love	愛	ài	4
to make (friends)	交	jiāo	4
measure word for duration of a meal	頓	dùn	4
to miss (an opportunity)	錯過	cuò guò	4
mouthful	口	kǒu	4
to be moved	感動	gǎn dòng	4
narrow	窄	zhǎi	4
night view	夜景	yè jǐng	4
on the other hand	另一方面	lìng yī fāng miàn	4
to open for business	營業	yíng yè	4
pan-fried pork bun	水煎包	shuǐ jiān bāo	4
about	關於	guān yú	4
patience	耐心	nài xīn	4
Pingxi	平溪	píng xī	4
price	價錢	jià qián	4
rather	而	ér	4
to release	放	fàng	4
to run into	碰到	pèng dào	4
signal (data connection)	訊號	xùn hào	4
sky lantern	天燈	tiān dēng	4
some other day	改天	gǎi tiān	4
speed	速度	sù dù	4
to stay, to remain	待	dài	4
to steep (tea)	泡	pào	4
store sign	招牌	zhāo pái	4
street	街道	jiē dào	4
sweet sticky rice dumplings	元宵	yuán xiāo	4
to be touched	感動	gǎn dòng	4
type	種類	zhǒng lèi	4
Visiting (is a must)	非去不可	fēi qù bù kě	4
wall	牆	qiáng	4
welcome the solar New Year	跨年	kuà nián	4
wish	願望	yuàn wàng	4
wooden; made from wood	木造	mù zào	4
adversely impacting somebody	害	hài	5
to apply cosmetics	化妝	huà zhuāng	5
to attract, to draw	吸引	xī yǐn	5
to avoid	避免	bì miǎn	5
bag	包包	bāo bāo	5
(music) band	樂團	yuè tuán	5
behind the times, passé	落伍	luò wǔ	5
bell-bottom pants	喇叭褲	lǎ ba kù	5
bookstore	書店	shū diàn	5
bosom buddy, confidant	知己	zhī jǐ	5
businessperson	商人	shāng rén	5
clothing, garments	服裝	fú zhuāng	5
comic (book) exhibition	漫畫展	màn huà zhǎn	5
comics	漫畫	màn huà	5
concert	演唱會	yǎn chàng huì	5
content	內容	nèi róng	5
crowded with	擠滿	jǐ mǎn	5
electronics	電子	diàn zǐ	5
to be enamored with	迷	mí	5
entire	整	zhěng	5
excited	興奮	xīng fèn	5
forget it, let it be	算了	suàn le	5
game	遊戲	yóu xì	5
identical	一模一樣	yī mó yī yàng	5
to imagine	想像	xiǎng xiàng	5
impression	印象	yìn xiàng	5
in season	當季	dāng jì	5
inferior to	不如	bù rú	5
to introduce, roll out	推出	tuī chū	5
it	它	tā	5
jam	堵車	dǔ chē	5
to jump	跳	tiào	5
to kill time	消時間	xiāo shí jiān	5
leading role	主角	zhǔ jué	5
light blue	淡藍色	dàn lán sè	5
live; in; on-site	現場	xiàn chǎng	5
to log in	上線	shàng xiàn	5
lyrics	歌詞	gē cí	5
to mail	寄	jì	5
to make a mountain out of a molehill	小題大作	xiǎo tí dà zuò	5
to make up	化妝	huà zhuāng	5
market	市場	shì chǎng	5
Mayday (band)	五月天	wǔ yuè tiān	5
the media	媒體	méi tǐ	5
method, ways	方式	fāng shì	5
mood	心情	xīn qíng	5
net congestion	塞車	sāi chē	5
new style	新型	xīn xíng	5
not be in time	來不及	lái bù jí	5
lyrics	歌詞	gē cí	5
to mail	寄	jì	5
to make a mountain out of a molehill	小題大作	xiǎo tí dà zuò	5
to make up	化妝	huà zhuāng	5
market	市場	shì chǎng	5
Mayday (band)	五月天	wǔ yuè tiān	5
the media	媒體	méi tǐ	5
method, ways	方式	fāng shì	5
mood	心情	xīn qíng	5
net congestion	塞車	sāi chē	5
new style	新型	xīn xíng	5
not be in time	來不及	lái bù jí	5
to be obsessed with	迷	mí	5
oh no!	唉	āi	5
old-fashioned	落伍	luò wǔ	5
to go online	上線	shàng xiàn	5
out of luck	倒楣	dǎo méi	5
packed with	擠滿	jǐ mǎn	5
popular	流行	liú xíng	5
popular	受歡迎	shòu huān yíng	5
pornographic	色情	sè qíng	5
product	產品	chǎn pǐn	5
purse	包包	bāo bāo	5
to relax	放鬆	fàng sōng	5
sad	難過	nán guò	5
to shake	震動	zhèn dòng	5
since, given that	既然	jì rán	5
to sing	唱	chàng	5
smartphone	智慧型手機	zhì huì xíng shǒu jī	5
to stuff, cram	塞	sāi	5
style (of clothes)	款式	kuǎn shì	5
to succeed	成功	chéng gōng	5
sweet and cute	甜美	tián měi	5
tablet computer	平板電腦	píng bǎn diàn nǎo	5
to take off (clothing)	脫掉	tuō diào	5
TV series	連續劇	lián xù jù	5
unexpectedly	居然	jū rán	5
assumption	居然	jū rán	5
to vibrate	震動	zhèn dòng	5
wardrobe clash	撞衫	zhuàng shān	5
well-received	受歡迎	shòu huān yíng	5
whole	整	zhěng	5
to be able to manage everything	忙得過來	máng de guò lái	6
along with, with the happening of	隨著	suí zhe	6
an American-born Chinese	李文彥	lǐ wén yàn	6
to approach	接近	jiē jìn	6
article	文章	wén zhāng	6
as one pleases oneself, to act freely	隨便	suí biàn	6
bazaar	市集	shì jí	6
because of	由於	yóu yú	6
to become	變成	biàn chéng	6
black	黑	hēi	6
climate	氣候	qì hòu	6
to come close	接近	jiē jìn	6
compost	堆肥	duī féi	6
to be a consumer	消費	xiāo fèi	6
cousin (older male)	表哥	biǎo gē	6
to dare	敢	gǎn	6
dark	黑	hēi	6
to decrease	減少	jiǎn shǎo	6
to disappear	消失	xiāo shī	6
to do one’s best to	盡量	jǐn liàng	6
due to	由於	yóu yú	6
farming	農	nóng	6
farming village	農村	nóng cūn	6
field, plot of land	田	tián	6
food materials	食材	shí cái	6
friendly	友善	yǒu shàn	6
genetically modified	基因改造	jī yīn gǎi zào	6
to grow	長	zhǎng	6
to grow (plants)	種	zhòng	6
to grow up	長大	zhǎng dà	6
to help	幫助	bāng zhù	6
house	屋子	wū zi	6
income	收入	shōu rù	6
ingredients	食材	shí cái	6
to joke, to kid	開玩笑	kāi wán xiào	6
land	土地	tǔ dì	6
leisure	休閒	xiū xián	6
livelihood depends on the whims of nature	看天吃飯	kàn tiān chī fàn	6
many	許多	xǔ duō	6
master (of a trade)	師傅	shī fu	6
measure word for land	片	piàn	6
natural	天然	tiān rán	6
nature	自然	zì rán	6
many	許多	xǔ duō	6
master (of a trade)	師傅	shī fu	6
measure word for land	片	piàn	6
natural	天然	tiān rán	6
nature	自然	zì rán	6
of these, of which	其中	qí zhōng	6
on the one hand	一方面	yī fāng miàn	6
pesticide	農藥	nóng yào	6
place of origin	產地	chǎn dì	6
to pluck, to pick	摘下來	zhāi xià lái	6
position	地位	dì wèi	6
to have problems	出問題	chū wèn tí	6
to produce	生產	shēng chǎn	6
profit	利潤	lì rùn	6
to promote, to market	推銷	tuī xiāo	6
to purchase things	消費	xiāo fèi	6
quiet	安靜	ān jìng	6
to reduce	減少	jiǎn shǎo	6
to be ripe	熟	shú	6
to run	跑	pǎo	6
to sightsee	觀光	guān guāng	6
small farmer	小農	xiǎo nóng	6
species	品種	pǐn zhǒng	6
to starve to death (exaggeration)	餓死了	è sǐ le	6
status	地位	dì wèi	6
to support	支持	zhī chí	6
to take care of	照顧	zhào gù	6
terms, conditions	條件	tiáo jiàn	6
tomato	番茄	fān qié	6
tough, hard, bitter	辛苦	xīn kǔ	6
to tour	觀光	guān guāng	6
to treat	對待	duì dài	6
to trust	信任	xìn rèn	6
to be unable to physically function	做不動	zuò bù dòng	6
variety	種類	zhǒng lèi	6
vegetable	蔬菜	shū cài	6
to pay someone a visit	拜訪	bài fǎng	6
would rather	寧可	nìng kě	6
to go wrong	出問題	chū wèn tí	6
to accept	接受	jiē shòu	7
to adopt	領養	lǐng yǎng	7
arbitrarily, without rhyme or reason	亂	luàn	7
to arrange	安排	ān pái	7
aunt (mother’s sisters)	阿姨	ā yí	7
to bark	叫	jiào	7
to bear (a burden, responsibility)	負擔	fù dān	7
beauty salon	美容院	měi róng yuàn	7
to be beyond the limits of	忍不住	rěn bú zhù	7
to bite	咬	yǎo	7
to break up	分手	fēn shǒu	7
by one’s side	身邊	shēn biān	7
to chase	追	zhuī	7
close (relationship)	親	qīn	7
companion	伴	bàn	7
complete, integral	完整	wán zhěng	7
completely	全	quán	7
to consider	當成	dàng chéng	7
correct, check	改	gǎi	7
cute	可愛	kě ài	7
to depend on	靠	kào	7
to die (honorific)	過世	guò shì	7
dirty	髒	zāng	7
diverse	多元	duō yuán	7
dog	狗	gǒu	7
to enjoy	享受	xiǎng shòu	7
entirely	全	quán	7
to establish	建立	jiàn lì	7
to fall down	跌倒	dié dǎo	7
family	家庭	jiā tíng	7
father-in-law (of a female)	公公	gōng gong	7
female person’s name	美真	měi zhēn	7
to form	組成	zǔ chéng	7
free	自由	zì yóu	7
to get along (with)	相處	xiāng chǔ	7
to get off work	下班	xià bān	7
to give birth to	生	shēng	7
to go after	追	zhuī	7
grandma (father’s side)	奶奶	nǎi nai	7
grandpa (father’s side)	爺爺	yé ye	7
to handle	安排	ān pái	7
happiness, blessing	幸福	xìng fú	7
to hit	打	dǎ	7
hospital	醫院	yī yuàn	7
husband	先生	xiān sheng	7
to be in turmoil	亂	luàn	7
independent	獨立	dú lì	7
an interjection indicating agreement	嗯	en	7
it (animals)	牠	tā	7
to live together	同居	tóng jū	7
lonely	孤單	gū dān	7
to make up one’s mind	下決心	xià jué xīn	7
male person’s name	家德	jiā dé	7
master, owner	主人	zhǔ rén	7
measure word for animals	隻	zhī	7
moral	道德	dào dé	7
mover and shaker	風雲人物	fēng yún rén wù	7
neighbor	鄰居	lín jū	7
nobility	貴族	guì zú	7
to make up one’s mind	下決心	xià jué xīn	7
male person’s name	家德	jiā dé	7
master, owner	主人	zhǔ rén	7
measure word for animals	隻	zhī	7
moral	道德	dào dé	7
mover and shaker	風雲人物	fēng yún rén wù	7
neighbor	鄰居	lín jū	7
nobility	貴族	guì zú	7
opinion	意見	yì jiàn	7
period, time of	時代	shí dài	7
pet	寵物	chǒng wù	7
to raise, bring up	教養	jiào yǎng	7
to raise, to keep	養	yǎng	7
real	真正	zhēn zhèng	7
to rely on	靠	kào	7
to resolve oneself	下決心	xià jué xīn	7
responsibility	責任	zé rèn	7
to set up a family, to marry	成家	chéng jiā	7
to be single	單身	dān shēn	7
single parent	單親	dān qīn	7
so	因此	yīn cǐ	7
stroller	推車	tuī chē	7
strong	強	qiáng	7
suggestion	意見	yì jiàn	7
to support one’s family	養家	yǎng jiā	7
to take a bath	洗澡	xǐ zǎo	7
to take a walk	散步	sàn bù	7
to take to	迷	mí	7
tense	緊張	jǐn zhāng	7
therefore	因此	yīn cǐ	7
true, genuine	真正	zhēn zhèng	7
whole	完整	wán zhěng	7
to accept (application), to admit	錄取	lù qǔ	8
actually	其實	qí shí	8
after	經過	jīng guò	8
all night	整夜	zhěng yè	8
apprentice	學徒	xué tú	8
art	藝術	yì shù	8
to bake	烘焙	hōng bèi	8
The Bakery World Cup	世界麵包大賽	shì jiè miàn bāo dà sài	8
ball game	球賽	qiú sài	8
to become	成為	chéng wéi	8
to be born	出生	chū shēng	8
branch store	分店	fēn diàn	8
but	卻	què	8
to cause	引起	yǐn qǐ	8
champion	冠軍	guàn jūn	8
to undergo change	改變	gǎi biàn	8
in one’s childhood	小時候	xiǎo shí hou	8
civil servant	公務員	gōng wù yuán	8
to concentrate	專心	zhuān xīn	8
to go crazy	瘋	fēng	8
academic credits	學分	xué fēn	8
department of medicine	醫學系	yī xué xì	8
diligent	努力	nǔ lì	8
a “drag”	悶	mēn	8
dream, ideals	理想	lǐ xiǎng	8
earnest, serious	認真	rèn zhēn	8
educational background	學歷	xué lì	8
EMBA	高階管理碩士	gāo jiē guǎn lǐ shuò shì	8
to encourage	鼓勵	gǔ lì	8
entrepreneur	企業家	qì yè jiā	8
to be exaggerated	誇張	kuā zhāng	8
to be excited	激動	jī dòng	8
expectations	期望	qī wàng	8
expensive	昂貴	áng guì	8
fair	公平	gōng píng	8
a famous baker from Taiwan	吳寶春	wú bǎo chūn	8
fashion design	服裝設計	fú zhuāng shè jì	8
father	父親	fù qīn	8
finally	終於	zhōng yú	8
flexibility	彈性	tán xìng	8
to focus on	專心	zhuān xīn	8
foundation, fundamentals	基礎	jī chǔ	8
to generate	引起	yǐn qǐ	8
government posts	公職	gōng zhí	8
graduation exhibition	畢業展	bì yè zhǎn	8
to have one’s eyes opened	大開眼界	dà kāi yǎn jiè	8
high level, advanced	高級	gāo jí	8
to hold	舉辦	jǔ bàn	8
100 million	億	yì	8
in fact	其實	qí shí	8
intensive course	密集班	mì jí bān	8
interview	面試	miàn shì	8
Japanese language or writing	日文	rì wén	8
junior middle school	國中	guó zhōng	8
lamp	燈	dēng	8
to learn characters	認字	rèn zì	8
light	燈	dēng	8
to listen to, obey	聽話	tīng huà	8
a major competition	大賽	dà sài	8
master’s degree	碩士	shuò shì	8
measure word for academic courses	門	mén	8
mid-term exam	期中考	qī zhōng kǎo	8
minor (in college)	輔系	fǔ xì	8
mother	母親	mǔ qīn	8
a major competition	大賽	dà sài	8
master’s degree	碩士	shuò shì	8
measure word for academic courses	門	mén	8
mid-term exam	期中考	qī zhōng kǎo	8
minor (in college)	輔系	fǔ xì	8
mother	母親	mǔ qīn	8
a pain in the neck	煩	fán	8
to pass	通過	tōng guò	8
pattern for percentages	X分之Y	X fēn zhī Y	8
poor	窮	qióng	8
reason	原因	yuán yīn	8
regretful (that something undesirable happened)	遺憾	yí hàn	8
to reject	拒絕	jù jué	8
to shout	喊	hǎn	8
shouting	大喊大叫	dà hǎn dà jiào	8
Singapore	新加坡	xīn jiā pō	8
skills	技術	jì shù	8
to be a soldier	當兵	dāng bīng	8
son	兒子	ér zi	8
to stir up	引起	yǐn qǐ	8
to study	讀書	dú shū	8
to study	學習	xué xí	8
successful	成功	chéng gōng	8
system	制度	zhì dù	8
to take (courses)	修	xiū	8
to take a class	修課	xiū kè	8
there is a leader in every industry	行行出狀元	háng háng chū zhuàng yuán	8
top-ranking in a public exam	狀元	zhuàng yuán	8
to turn on	開	kāi	8
to understand	明白	míng bái	8
unemployment rate	失業率	shī yè lǜ	8
video game	電玩	diàn wán	8
What’s wrong?	怎麼回事	zěn me huí shì	8
to yell	喊	hǎn	8
to yell, yelling	大喊大叫	dà hǎn dà jiào	8
yet	卻	què	8
20%, literally 2/10	兩成	liǎng chéng	9
to account for	占	zhàn	9
agricultural product	農產品	nóng chǎn pǐn	9
anytime	隨時	suí shí	9
to appear	出現	chū xiàn	9
been the case before	曾經	céng jīng	9
business opportunity	商機	shāng jī	9
catty (unit, 600g)	台斤	tái jīn	9
to choose	選擇	xuǎn zé	9
common	普通	pǔ tōng	9
to compare prices	比價	bǐ jià	9
comparison	比較	bǐ jiào	9
to compete against	競爭	jìng zhēng	9
to constitute	佔	zhàn	9
costs	成本	chéng běn	9
credibility	信用	xìn yòng	9
customer, client	客戶	kè hù	9
entire	全	quán	9
to establish, set up	成立	chéng lì	9
to export	出口	chū kǒu	9
express delivery	宅配	zhái pèi	9
filling (of pastries)	內餡	nèi xiàn	9
flavor	口味	kǒu wèi	9
fond of	喜愛	xǐ ài	9
good luck	好運	hǎo yùn	9
government	政府	zhèng fǔ	9
grandma (Taiwanese)	阿嬤	ā mà	9
to group buy	團購	tuán gòu	9
holiday	假日	jià rì	9
to improve	改善	gǎi shàn	9
in case	萬一	wàn yī	9
to increase, elevate	提高	tí gāo	9
to market	行銷	xíng xiāo	9
middleman	中間商	zhōng jiān shāng	9
moreover	並且	bìng qiě	9
must, to have to	必須	bì xū	9
not merely	不只是	bù zhǐ shì	9
to market	行銷	xíng xiāo	9
middleman	中間商	zhōng jiān shāng	9
moreover	並且	bìng qiě	9
must, to have to	必須	bì xū	9
not merely	不只是	bù zhǐ shì	9
to offer convenience	方便	fāng biàn	9
once	曾經	céng jīng	9
online shopping	網購	wǎng gòu	9
to operate (a business)	經營	jīng yíng	9
an order (trading)	訂單	dìng dān	9
to order, place an order	訂購	dìng gòu	9
to organize	舉辦	jǔ bàn	9
pineapple	鳳梨	fèng lí	9
pineapple farmer	鳳梨農	fèng lí nóng	9
pineapple shortcake	鳳梨酥	fèng lí sū	9
to place (an order)	下	xià	9
price	價格	jià gé	9
production value, output	產值	chǎn zhí	9
to purchase	購買	gòu mǎi	9
refrigerator	冰箱	bīng xiāng	9
to represent	代表	dài biǎo	9
as a result	結果	jié guǒ	9
risk	風險	fēng xiǎn	9
to run (a business)	經營	jīng yíng	9
satisfied	滿意	mǎn yì	9
to search	搜尋	sōu xún	9
second (place)	第二名	dì èr míng	9
to sell	販賣	fàn mài	9
seller	賣家	mài jiā	9
shop around	貨比三家	huò bǐ sān jiā	9
snacks (dessert with tea)	茶點	chá diǎn	9
Southern Min dialect	閩南話	mǐn nán huà	9
Southern Min sound for pineapple	旺來	ōng lâi	9
storefront	店面	diàn miàn	9
to suffer a loss	吃虧	chī kuī	9
technology	科技	kē jì	9
Tokyo	東京	dōng jīng	9
to treat as	當做	dàng zuò	9
uncle (father’s younger brother)	叔叔	shū shu	9
wedding-announcement pastries	喜餅	xǐ bǐng	9
well known	知名	zhī míng	9
widespread	普遍	pǔ biàn	9
within	以內	yǐ nèi	9
ambulance	救護車	jiù hù chē	10
another, additional	另	lìng	10
appearance, exterior	外表	wài biǎo	10
as to	至於	zhì yú	10
attractive	迷人	mí rén	10
average	平均	píng jūn	10
to blame	怪	guài	10
charming	迷人	mí rén	10
competitive edge	競爭力	jìng zhēng lì	10
to comply with	遵守	zūn shǒu	10
cosmetic surgery	醫美	yī měi	10
danger	危險	wēi xiǎn	10
department of surgery	外科	wài kē	10
to do something impulsively	動不動就	dòng bù dòng jiù	10
emergency room	急診室	jí zhěn shì	10
to be engaged in (a field)	從事	cóng shì	10
to exceed	超過	chāo guò	10
face	臉	liǎn	10
female person’s name	愛林	ài lín	10
X-ray film	片子	piàn zi	10
to follow	遵守	zūn shǒu	10
to fracture	骨折	gǔ zhé	10
general, most	一般	yī bān	10
to have always	一向	yī xiàng	10
to have an automobile accident	出車禍	chū chē huò	10
to have/undergo a surgery	動手術	dòng shǒu shù	10
to heal	醫治	yī zhì	10
to hit, collide	撞	zhuàng	10
hospital bed	病床	bìng chuáng	10
to be hospitalized	住院	zhù yuàn	10
to be in a hurry	趕時間	gǎn shí jiān	10
to increase	增加	zēng jiā	10
to inject	打針	dǎ zhēn	10
to be injured	受傷	shòu shāng	10
injury	傷	shāng	10
interjection (surprise)	哎呀	āi yā	10
interpersonal relations	人際關係	rén jì guān xì	10
investigation	調查	diào chá	10
to kill pain	止痛	zhǐ tòng	10
to knock down	撞倒	zhuàng dǎo	10
main	主要	zhǔ yào	10
medical treatment	醫療	yī liáo	10
micro-cosmetic surgery	微整型	wéi zhěng xíng	10
murderous	要命	yào mìng	10
main	主要	zhǔ yào	10
medical treatment	醫療	yī liáo	10
micro-cosmetic surgery	微整型	wéi zhěng xíng	10
murderous	要命	yào mìng	10
to obey	遵守	zūn shǒu	10
one of the top	數一數二	shǔ yī shǔ èr	10
operation	手術	shǒu shù	10
ordinary	普通	pǔ tōng	10
(body) part, location	部位	bù wèi	10
patient	病人	bìng rén	10
pay	付錢	fù qián	10
plastic surgery	整型	zhěng xíng	10
police	警察	jǐng chá	10
primary	主要	zhǔ yào	10
public; government-run	公立	gōng lì	10
reasonable	合理	hé lǐ	10
to recover	恢復	huī fù	10
to rediscover	找回	zhǎo huí	10
regarding	至於	zhì yú	10
to report to the police	報警	bào jǐng	10
to respect	尊敬	zūn jìng	10
rules, regulations	規則	guī zé	10
self-confidence	自信	zì xìn	10
situation	情況	qíng kuàng	10
to stay in a hospital	住院	zhù yuàn	10
to sue	告	gào	10
to have surgery	開刀	kāi dāo	10
surgery	手術	shǒu shù	10
survey	調查	diào chá	10
to take an X-ray	照X光	zhào X guāng	10
to take time off	休假	xiū jià	10
times, -fold	倍	bèi	10
urgent	緊急	jǐn jí	10
values	價值觀	jià zhí guān	10
workplace	職場	zhí chǎng	10
wound	傷口	shāng kǒu	10
after all	到底	dào dǐ	11
and, as well as	以及	yǐ jí	11
army, military	軍隊	jūn duì	11
to believe	相信	xiāng xìn	11
benefit	利益	lì yì	11
blood	血	xiě	11
to build (Classical Chinese)	建	jiàn	11
to burn	燒	shāo	11
to burn the midnight oil	熬夜	áo yè	11
business	商業	shāng yè	11
Central and South America	中南美洲	zhōng nán měi zhōu	11
century	世紀	shì jì	11
Chiang Kai-Shek	蔣介石	jiǎng jiè shí	11
Chinese Civil War	國共內戰	guó gòng nèi zhàn	11
Chinese-style	中式	zhōng shì	11
city walls	城牆	chéng qiáng	11
civil war	內戰	nèi zhàn	11
clay oven sesame seed biscuits	燒餅	shāo bǐng	11
to colonise and rule	殖民統治	zhí mín tǒng zhì	11
commerce	商業	shāng yè	11
continual, incessant	不斷	bú duàn	11
to continue	接著	jiē zhe	11
cooking class	烹飪課	pēng rèn kè	11
daikon cakes	蘿蔔糕	luó bo gāo	11
daikon radish	蘿蔔	luó bo	11
deep	深	shēn	11
deep-fried dough sticks	油條	yóu tiáo	11
to defeat	打敗	dǎ bài	11
delicious	美味	měi wèi	11
desserts	點心	diǎn xīn	11
diet	飲食	yǐn shí	11
difficult	困難	kùn nán	11
dining table	餐桌	cān zhuō	11
dried daikon	蘿蔔乾	luó bo gān	11
early 17th century	十七世紀初	shí qī shì jì chū	11
an egg wrap	蛋餅	dàn bǐng	11
to engage in warfare	打仗	dǎ zhàng	11
to envy	羨慕	xiàn mù	11
even, even to the point of	甚至	shèn zhì	11
except, other than	以外	yǐ wài	11
flatland	平原	píng yuán	11
food	飲食	yǐn shí	11
to forbid	禁止	jìn zhǐ	11
Fort San Domingo	紅毛城	hóng máo chéng	11
frugal	節儉	jié jiǎn	11
further	進一步	jìn yī bù	11
gains	利益	lì yì	11
general	將軍	jiāng jūn	11
grandson	孫子	sūn zi	11
hair	頭髮	tóu fǎ	11
the Hakka people	客家人	kè jiā rén	11
Han-ethnic Chinese	漢人	hàn rén	11
housewife	主婦	zhǔ fù	11
in the end	到底	dào dǐ	11
instructions	說明	shuō míng	11
issue, matter	事	shì	11
Japanese-style	日式	rì shì	11
Koxinga	鄭成功	zhèng chéng gōng	11
late 17th century	十七世紀末	shí qī shì jì mò	11
male	男性	nán xìng	11
menu	菜單	cài dān	11
to migrate	遷移	qiān yí	11
military service member	軍人	jūn rén	11
Ming Dynasty	明朝	míng cháo	11
minority	少數	shǎo shù	11
miso soup	味噌湯	wèi zēng tāng	11
mostly	多半	duō bàn	11
male	男性	nán xìng	11
menu	菜單	cài dān	11
to migrate	遷移	qiān yí	11
military service member	軍人	jūn rén	11
Ming Dynasty	明朝	míng cháo	11
minority	少數	shǎo shù	11
miso soup	味噌湯	wèi zēng tāng	11
mostly	多半	duō bàn	11
to open up land	開墾	kāi kěn	11
to pan fry	煎	jiān	11
plains	平原	píng yuán	11
population	人口	rén kǒu	11
Qing Dynasty	清朝	qīng cháo	11
to rebuild	重建	chóng jiàn	11
report	報告	bào gào	11
rice rolls with fillings	飯糰	fàn tuán	11
roadside stand	攤子	tān zi	11
to send, dispatch	派	pài	11
sentence-final particle (“in that case”)	嘛	ma	11
set (books, clothes, etc.)	套	tào	11
to set up a vendor’s stall	擺攤子	bǎi tān zi	11
Southern Min people (Hoklo)	閩南人	mǐn nán rén	11
splendid, brilliant	精彩	jīng cǎi	11
to stay up all night	熬夜	áo yè	11
to sun dry	曬乾	shài gān	11
to take a woman in marriage	娶	qǔ	11
Tamsui	淡水	dàn shuǐ	11
territory	領土	lǐng tǔ	11
the East, the Orient	東方	dōng fāng	11
the people	人民	rén mín	11
the Qing Empire	大清帝國	dà qīng dì guó	11
trade	貿易	mào yì	11
one’s turn	輪到	lún dào	11
variety of dishes	菜色	cài sè	11
various types	各種各樣	gè zhǒng gè yàng	11
vendor’s stall	攤子	tān zi	11
war	戰爭	zhàn zhēng	11
a while, a short duration of time	一陣子	yī zhèn zi	12
academia, the academic fields or circles	學術界	xué shù jiè	12
actively, to take the initiative	積極	jī jí	12
anti-nuclear	反核	fǎn hé	12
apologetic	抱歉	bào qiàn	12
approval rating	支持度	zhī chí dù	12
as far as possible, do one’s best	盡可能	jǐn kě néng	12
to become	當	dāng	12
very best, the best possible	最佳	zuì jiā	12
brain, mind	頭腦	tóu nǎo	12
business, career	事業	shì yè	12
by (a doer)	由	yóu	12
candidate	候選人	hòu xuǎn rén	12
comprehensively	全面	quán miàn	12
to confer, consult with	商量	shāng liáng	12
constitution	憲法	xiàn fǎ	12
could it be that?	難道	nán dào	12
to deal with, tackle	處理	chǔ lǐ	12
to be defeated	打輸	dǎ shū	12
democratic	民主	mín zhǔ	12
demonstration	遊行	yóu xíng	12
disadvantaged	弱勢	ruò shì	12
to donate	捐	juān	12
to donate (give out)	捐出	juān chū	12
education	教育	jiào yù	12
election	選舉	xuǎn jǔ	12
electorate	選民	xuǎn mín	12
to engage in politics	從政	cóng zhèng	12
enthusiastic about	熱衷	rè zhōng	12
expectation	預期	yù qí	12
expert	專家	zhuān jiā	12
to express	表達	biǎo dá	12
for	為	wèi	12
funds	經費	jīng fèi	12
future prospects	前途	qián tú	12
hometown	老家	lǎo jiā	12
image	形象	xíng xiàng	12
in the areas of	方面	fāng miàn	12
to indicate	表示	biǎo shì	12
issue	議題	yì tí	12
lively	活潑	huó pō	12
to lose an election	落選	luò xuǎn	12
to mean	表示	biǎo shì	12
merely	而已	ér yǐ	12
national pension	國民年金	guó mín nián jīn	12
network of people	人脈	rén mài	12
the next step	下一步	xià yī bù	12
no matter	不管	bù guǎn	12
nuclear power	核能	hé néng	12
to lose an election	落選	luò xuǎn	12
to mean	表示	biǎo shì	12
merely	而已	ér yǐ	12
national pension	國民年金	guó mín nián jīn	12
network of people	人脈	rén mài	12
the next step	下一步	xià yī bù	12
no matter	不管	bù guǎn	12
nuclear power	核能	hé néng	12
to obtain	得到	dé dào	12
only	而已	ér yǐ	12
opinion	看法	kàn fǎ	12
passionate	熱情	rè qíng	12
percentage of votes received	得票率	dé piào lǜ	12
perfect	完美	wán měi	12
perhaps	也許	yě xǔ	12
personality	個性	gè xìng	12
to persuade	勸	quàn	12
policy	政策	zhèng cè	12
political party	政黨	zhèng dǎng	12
politics	政治	zhèng zhì	12
position, job	職位	zhí wèi	12
power	權力	quán lì	12
power plant	電廠	diàn chǎng	12
to propose	提出	tí chū	12
public	公共	gōng gòng	12
public will, popular opinion	民意	mín yì	12
publishing company	出版社	chū bǎn shè	12
to quit, resign	辭職	cí zhí	12
to reflect	反映	fǎn yìng	12
reforms	改革	gǎi gé	12
representative	代表	dài biǎo	12
to retire	退休	tuì xiū	12
right	權利	quán lì	12
right to vote	投票權	tóu piào quán	12
to run for office	競選	jìng xuǎn	12
salesperson	推銷員	tuī xiāo yuán	12
secondhand book	二手書	èr shǒu shū	12
to serve	服務	fú wù	12
to serve (successive term)	連任	lián rèn	12
sorry	抱歉	bào qiàn	12
specialist	專家	zhuān jiā	12
stable (school)	安定	ān dìng	12
swing voters	中間選民	zhōng jiān xuǎn mín	12
temporarily	暫時	zàn shí	12
term of office	任期	rèn qī	12
term (tenure of elected office)	屆	jiè	12
there’s some truth to (what you are saying)	有道理	yǒu dào lǐ	12
up to	由	yóu	12
view	看法	kàn fǎ	12
to volunteer	志願	zhì yuàn	12
to do something gratis	免費	miǎn fèi	12
to vote	投票	tóu piào	12
voters	選民	xuǎn mín	12
the world of politics	政治界	zhèng zhì jiè	12
younger female cousin	表妹	biǎo mèi	12

Book 3 Grammar List

This section is where the Contemporary Chinese Book 3 grammar table goes. Add your big table here, then drill patterns until your Chinese feels automatic instead of carefully assembled like a LEGO set.

Chapter	Grammar Point (Trad)	Pinyin	English Translation	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Explanation
1	…的話	… de huà	if / supposing	太辣的話，別喝了。	你想換顏色的話，最好先跟爸媽商量。	學生想參加社團的話，要先上網填表。	Put the condition before 的話 to mean “if/supposing…”. Common for suggestions, plans, or what to do under a certain condition.
1	不到	bù dào	less than / under	六歲不到的孩子不能進去。	這支手機不到五千塊，真的很便宜。	他來臺灣不到半年，就交了很多朋友。	不到 + number/amount/time means “not reaching; under; less than.” Used for age, money, time length, scores, etc.
1	差一點（就）…	chà yìdiǎn (jiù) …	almost / nearly	昨天的演講太無聊了，我差一點（就）睡著了。	上次他去爬山，差一點（就）迷路。	我差一點（就）忘了帶錢包。	差一點（就）+ result = “almost happened but didn’t (or barely).” 就 is optional; the meaning stays “nearly/almost.”
1	恐怕…	kǒngpà …	probably / I’m afraid…	我恐怕明天不能去。	再不快一點，恐怕會遲到。	你這樣熬夜，恐怕會影響健康。	恐怕 expresses the speaker’s worried guess or cautious prediction (“I’m afraid… / probably…”). Often used for bad news, concern, or uncertainty.
1	好不容易…	hǎo bù róngyì …	finally managed to / with great difficulty	我好不容易才買到票。	他好不容易找到工作，結果又辭職了。	下了兩個禮拜的雨，今天好不容易停了。	Indicates something was achieved after a lot of effort / difficulty. Often implies relief, frustration, or “at last.”
1	說…就…	shuō … jiù …	do something instantly / without warning	他說走就走，大家都嚇到了。	天氣說變就變。	她說哭就哭，完全沒有預兆。	Pattern for sudden, immediate action/change—“as soon as you say it, it happens.” Emphasizes no preparation or warning.
1	不管…都…	bùguǎn … dōu …	no matter / regardless of	不管他忙不忙，他都每天去健身房。	不管什麼魚，我都不吃。	不管媽媽怎麼說，我都要去。	不管 + X + 都 + Y means “no matter what/how/whether… still…” X can be a question-word phrase (什麼/怎麼/哪裡/什麼時候) or an A-not-A style choice (好不好/忙不忙).
2	一般來說	yībān lái shuō	generally speaking	一般來說，外語能力好的人比較適合念國際關係。	一般來說，在臺灣換貨要帶發票。	一般來說，名牌比較貴，但品質也比較好。	一般來說 introduces a generalization. It signals you are describing what is typical or common, not an absolute rule.
2	弄	nòng	to do / make / fix / mess with / figure out	你先坐一下，我去弄胡椒，我們馬上吃。	別一直弄我的衣服。	這課文法很難，我弄了很久還是弄不懂。	弄 is a versatile “general verb” used when the exact action is clear from context. It can mean make, handle, fix, cause, or figure out (e.g., 弄懂、弄清楚).
2	再說	zàishuō	besides / moreover / what’s more	我刷卡吧，我沒帶那麼多現金；再說還能打折。	合約太長；再說他是外國人，怎麼看得懂？	這是第三支手機了；再說這支是她送的。	再說 adds an additional reason after the first one. It strengthens your argument with “and another thing…” logic.
2	V + 成	V + chéng	to make into / to turn into / to become	她把材料做成蛋糕。	我把檔案存成 PDF。	他把房間弄成很亂。	V + 成 + result/state expresses transformation into a new form, state, or format. Common verbs include 做成、改成、翻成、存成、弄成.
2	並（不／沒有）	bìng (bù / méiyǒu)	actually not / contrary to expectation	這些菜並不難做。	這件事並不容易。	網路並沒有拉近人與人之間的距離。	並 (usually with negation) emphasizes contrast with expectations. It often appears in corrections or with 虽然…但是… structures.
2	尤其是	yóuqí shì	especially / particularly	功課很多，尤其是口頭報告。	春節小孩最開心，尤其是拿紅包。	中文很難，尤其是聲調。	尤其是 highlights a specific item within a broader category. It marks the most notable example.
2	只好	zhǐhǎo	have no choice but to	不能刷卡，只好付現。	發現不適合這個系，只好轉系。	快上課才發現沒帶書，只好借。	只好 + verb expresses reluctant necessity. The speaker had no better option due to circumstances.
3	受到（…的）影響	shòudào (… de) yǐngxiǎng	to be influenced / affected by	他受到父母的影響，也喜歡音樂。	公司受到經濟不景氣的影響，快撐不下去了。	孩子很容易受到廣告的影響。	受到 + (來源 + 的) 影響 expresses passive influence. The source of influence comes before 的影響. Often used for social, economic, emotional, or environmental impact.
3	幸虧…	xìngkuī	fortunately / luckily	幸虧我買了除濕機，不然衣服都發霉了。	幸虧朋友撿到我的報告，不用重寫。	幸虧公車剛好來，我沒遲到。	幸虧 introduces a fortunate circumstance that prevented a bad result. Often followed by a contrasting clause with 不然 / 要不然.
3	算是…	suàn shì	can be considered / would count as	教書算是穩定的工作。	這裡櫻花很多，算是有名的景點。	他只是低燒，不算是嚴重。	算是 softens classification. It means “can be regarded as” or “more or less counts as,” often implying partial agreement or mild evaluation.
3	是…（的確）	shì… (díquè)	it is indeed true that / emphatic affirmation	你是應該先試穿。	她是講得很清楚。	我是有感冒。	This structure emphasizes or confirms something that was questioned or mentioned before. Often responds to A’s statement. Tone conveys affirmation, sometimes contrast (e.g., 是…但是…).
3	難怪	nánguài	no wonder	他下週要報告，難怪最近熬夜。	她想申請獎學金，難怪請老師寫推薦信。	他剛跟店員吵架，難怪聲音那麼大。	難怪 introduces a logical explanation for something surprising. It means “now it makes sense.”
3	V / Adj + 死了	… sǐ le	extremely / terribly	他念不喜歡的科系，痛苦死了。	申請 ARC 麻煩死了。	這條路長死了。	死了 after verbs or adjectives intensifies emotion. It expresses strong feeling (often negative): “extremely / to death.” Informal spoken style.
3	幾乎	jīhū	almost / nearly	最近幾乎每天都下雨。	他幾乎花光所有的錢。	她幾乎認識這裡所有人。	幾乎 modifies verbs or quantities to mean “almost/nearly.” It suggests something is very close to complete but not fully.
3	多少	duōshǎo	somewhat / some / to some extent	你不餓也應該多少吃一點。	他在西班牙住半年，多少會說西班牙文。	我不常做菜，但多少有些香料。	多少 softens statements, meaning “at least some / somewhat / to some degree.” Often implies expectation of minimal amount.
3	再…也…	zài… yě…	no matter how…, still…	再累也要完成作業。	再生氣也不能罵人。	再好吃也不能天天吃。	再 + adjective/verb phrase + 也 expresses concession: “no matter how X, still Y.” It emphasizes determination or limits regardless of degree.
4	不但…還…	bùdàn… hái…	not only…, but also…	這件外套不但輕，還很保暖。	她中文不但聲調準，還說得很流利。	外面不但下雨，還很大風。	不但 + A，還 + B links two positive statements. It emphasizes that the second point adds extra value or intensity beyond the first.
4	不是…而是…	bú shì… ér shì…	not…, but rather…	他喜歡的不是王小姐，而是白小姐。	我不是不想參加，而是最近太忙。	他來臺灣不是旅遊，而是學中文。	Used to correct or clarify. 不是 A，而是 B rejects A and replaces it with the real reason or fact B.
4	從來 + 不 / 沒	cónglái + bù / méi	never (have ever)	我從來沒參加過跨年活動。	他從來不吃油炸食物。	她從來沒有去過臺南。	從來 must be followed by negation. It stresses “never ever (in one’s life).” Often appears with 過 for life experiences.
4	上 (various meanings)	shàng	to go up / get on / attend / go to	我上樓去找同學。	快點上車。	他週末上教堂。	上 has multiple meanings depending on context: go up (上樓), get on (上車), attend (上課), go to certain places (上教堂), appear in media (上新聞). Meaning is determined by the object.
4	非…不可	fēi… bù kě	must / absolutely have to	今年他非回來過年不可。	想找好工作，專業能力非加強不可。	最近發生很多事，我非去拜拜不可。	Strong necessity pattern. 非 + V + 不可 expresses something is absolutely required or unavoidable. Stronger than 必須.
4	對…來說	duì… lái shuō	as far as … is concerned / for	對臺南人來說，早餐很重要。	對我來說，八千塊太貴。	對喜歡中國文化的人來說，故宮值得一去。	Introduces perspective. It frames a statement from a particular person or group’s point of view.
4	對…講究	duì… jiǎngjiù	to be particular about / picky about	他對住的地方很講究。	她對衣服的品質很講究。	臺南人對吃很講究。	對 + thing + 講究 means being careful, selective, or having high standards regarding something (food, clothing, lifestyle, etc.).
5	V + 滿	V + mǎn	full of / crowded with	路的兩邊蓋滿了新大樓。	臺北101前面擠滿了看煙火的人。	教室裡坐滿了學生。	V + 滿 expresses that a space is completely filled. Common verbs: 擠滿、坐滿、貼滿、堆滿. It emphasizes fullness or crowding.
5	V + 出	V + chū	to produce / to express / to emerge	他把我不好意思說的話說出來了。	他穿同樣的衣服卻穿出不同的感覺。	教授研究十年才研發出新藥。	出 as a result complement shows something coming out, being produced, or successfully expressed/achieved (說出、寫出、做出、研發出).
5	不如	bùrú	not as good as / might as well	這件衣服的品質不如那件。	坐捷運要轉兩次車，不如坐公車方便。	與其修舊手機，不如買新的。	不如 A compares and means “not as good as A.” In suggestions, it can mean “might as well…” especially in 與其…不如… patterns.
5	再不…就…了	zài bù… jiù… le	if not… then… (urgent warning)	再不下雨，就沒水喝了。	再不買除濕機，衣服就發霉了。	再不訂票，就沒票了。	Expresses urgency and negative consequence. 再不 + action，就 + bad result = “If you don’t… soon, then…”
5	V + 掉	V + diào	to remove / get rid of / finish off	我把垃圾丟掉了。	他一進門就把鞋子脫掉。	他把茶倒掉了。	掉 indicates removal, disposal, or completion that separates something from its original place (丟掉、喝掉、賣掉、忘掉).
5	居然	jūrán	unexpectedly / to one’s surprise	他居然不怕冷。	他是韓國人，居然不吃辣。	他居然忘了面試時間。	居然 expresses surprise at something contrary to expectation. Often used when the result is unexpected or ironic.
5	既然…（就）…	jìrán… (jiù)…	since… (then)…	既然天氣不好，就別去了。	既然可以打折，就用信用卡吧。	既然你在家，我去銀行一下。	既然 introduces a known reason; the second clause gives a logical decision or result. Often paired with 就.
5	V + 個不停	V + gè bù tíng	keep on / continuously	雨下個不停。	他說個不停。	她買個不停。	V + 個不停 emphasizes repeated, continuous action without stopping. Common in spoken Chinese for emotional emphasis.
6	因為…才…	yīnwèi… cái…	only because…	他因為收入不穩定才想換工作。	我因為不舒服才沒去看煙火。	她因為工作太忙才還沒結婚。	因為 + reason + 才 + result emphasizes that the result happens only because of that specific reason. It often implies there is no other reason.
6	S1 不說，S2 也…	S1 bù shuō, S2 yě…	not only…, but also… (complaining tone)	這地方吵不說，還有點亂。	他薪水低不說，工作又累。	東西少不說，價錢還很高。	Used to complain. The first problem is mentioned briefly, then a second issue is added for emphasis. It implies “as if that weren’t enough…”
6	再加上	zài jiā shàng	furthermore / in addition	款式老氣，再加上顏色太淡，我沒買。	風景漂亮，再加上餐廳好吃，他決定帶女友去。	工作穩定，再加上薪水高，很多人想做老師。	Adds another factor that strengthens the previous point. Often appears after one or more reasons have already been stated.
6	什麼都…，就是…	shénme dōu…, jiùshì…	everything but… / all except…	他什麼都買了，就是沒買鹽。	這裡什麼都有，就是沒有電信公司。	他什麼都不挑，就是對吃很挑。	什麼都… suggests “everything,” followed by 就是… to highlight the sole exception. It stresses contrast.
6	寧可…，也要…	nìngkě…, yě yào…	would rather… (even if…)	他寧可少賺錢，也要做喜歡的工作。	父母寧可辛苦一點，也要讓孩子幸福。	她寧可不睡覺，也要寫完報告。	Expresses preference despite sacrifice. The speaker chooses option A even if it involves difficulty, in order to achieve B.
6	像…的 + noun	xiàng… de + noun	such… as / people like…	他喜歡像小籠包、炸雞排這樣的點心。	像她這樣會語言的人學中文很快。	像他這樣的農夫越來越多。	像 + example + 的 + noun describes a type/category by example. It means “such (nouns) as…” or “someone like…”
6	一方面…，一方面…	yī fāngmiàn…, yī fāngmiàn…	on the one hand…, on the other…	她打工一方面賺錢，一方面累積經驗。	去農夫市場一方面買新鮮蔬果，一方面支持小農。	回家過年一方面團圓，一方面見老同學。	Presents two parallel reasons, purposes, or aspects of the same situation. Often both sides are positive.
6	隨著…，S 也…	suízhe…, S yě…	as…, (then)…	隨著經濟發展，國際地位也提高了。	隨著中文進步，她參加的活動也變多。	隨著考試接近，他壓力也越來越大。	隨著 + change/time progression, the main clause describes a parallel change. It shows cause-and-effect development over time.
7	亂 + V	luàn + V	to do something recklessly / haphazardly	垃圾不能亂丟，要等垃圾車。	作業要好好寫，不能亂寫。	藥不能亂買亂吃。	亂 + V means doing an action carelessly or irresponsibly, often risking bad consequences. Common: 亂丟、亂放、亂坐、亂買、亂寫、亂說、亂花.
7	各 V 各的	gè V gè de	each doing their own (separately)	他們住在一起，卻各吃各的。	大家各說各的，討論不起來。	逛夜市時我們各逛各的。	Pattern shows separation: each person does the same action independently, often implying lack of coordination or interaction.
7	就算…也…	jiùsuàn… yě…	even if…, still…	就算我不能動了，也不想靠孩子。	就算你比老闆能幹，也要聽他的建議。	就算很孤單，也不能去打擾別人。	Concession pattern: an extreme or adverse condition doesn’t change the main result/decision. Similar to 即使…也…
7	因為 + NP，S…	yīnwèi + NP, S…	because of (a noun), …	因為溫度變化，芒果今年比較早熟。	因為周年慶，百貨公司人很多。	因為電視劇的影響，越來越多店賣韓式炸雞。	因為 + noun phrase gives a cause that’s a thing/event (not a full clause). More formal than 因為…所以… in some contexts.
7	一來…，二來…	yīlái…, èrlái…	first…, second… / on one hand…, on the other…	我不信他，一來認識不久，二來聽說他會騙人。	我不去綠島，一來怕坐船，二來我不會游泳。	今年收成好，一來天氣好沒颱風，二來我換了新品種。	Lists two main reasons. Often used to justify decisions. Can be expanded (三來…) but most common is two.
7	V 來 V 去	V lái V qù	back and forth / repeatedly	想來想去，還是覺得不妥。	他換來換去，最後只好回原班。	小孩在市場摸來摸去，老闆很不高興。	Repetition/alternation over time. Often implies indecision or continuous action: 想來想去、改來改去、換來換去、跑來跑去.
7	不再…了	bùzài… le	not… anymore	他覺得長大了，不再接受父母幫忙了。	我跟男友分手了，我們不再見面了。	那家店又貴又不好，我不再去了。	Indicates a change from past habit/state: something has stopped and will not continue. Often implies “from now on.”
8	不是…就是…	bú shì… jiù shì…	if it’s not…, then it’s… / either…or…	他休息的時候不是打電動，就是看漫畫。	他整天不是抱怨太累，就是嫌薪水低。	這件外套不是明軒的，就是雅婷的。	Expresses two alternatives, often with a slightly negative or complaining tone. It suggests limited possibilities.
8	算了	suàn le	forget it / drop it	她不去演唱會？那算了吧。	考不好？算了，別想了。	他不聽勸？算了，不要生氣。	Used to give up on something or stop discussing it. Often expresses resignation or emotional closure.
8	這樣一來	zhèyàng yī lái	that being the case / in that case	他這學期被當很多科，這樣一來明年可能畢不了業。	下週有颱風，這樣一來不能去海邊。	讓他多上課，這樣一來就不會整天玩電動。	Refers to a previous situation and explains the logical consequence. Similar to “in that case.”
8	早就…了	zǎo jiù… le	long since / already long ago	我早就忘了他長什麼樣子。	演唱會票我早就買好了。	他早就把餃子吃光了。	Emphasizes that something happened much earlier than expected. Stronger than just 已經.
8	從…起 / 從…開始	cóng… qǐ / kāishǐ	starting from…	從明天起我要認真讀書。	從今年秋天開始申請獎學金要平均85分。	展覽從下週一開始。	Indicates a starting point in time. Often used in formal notices or announcements.
8	卻	què	however / unexpectedly	他成績很好，卻沒考上研究所。	早上天氣很好，現在卻下雨了。	店面很小，生意卻很好。	Shows contrast with expectation. Often implies surprise or irony. Stronger than 但是 in written tone.
8	因為…而…	yīnwèi… ér…	because of…, therefore…	她因為怕寂寞而養了兩隻狗。	他因為收成好而舉辦活動。	她因為男友忘了生日而很生氣。	Formal cause-effect structure. Common in written Chinese. Emphasizes the direct connection between cause and result.
8	經過	jīngguò	after / through (a process)	經過多次解釋，她終於懂了。	經過幾天休息，他好多了。	經過兩年努力，他考上公職。	Indicates something happens after a process or period of time. Focuses on the experience or duration leading to a result.
9	靠	kào	to rely on / by means of	在家靠父母，出外靠朋友。	他靠自己辛苦賺的錢買了房子。	我靠朋友介紹才找到工作。	靠 + person/means expresses dependence or the method used to achieve something: rely on someone, or “by means of” something (靠打工養家、靠網路聯絡).
9	既…又…	jì… yòu…	not only…, but also… / both…and…	打工既能賺錢，又能交朋友。	她既漂亮，外語又好。	這道菜既好吃，又好看。	Links two qualities or two advantages. More “both…and…” than the harsher “not only…but also.” Often used for paired adjectives/benefits.
9	…以內	… yǐnèi	within…	這份報告要我一週以內寫完。	下單後24小時以內就能收到貨。	兩千塊以內我可以接受。	N + 以內 sets a limit: within a time, amount, distance, range, or count. Means “not exceeding.”
9	占	zhàn	to account for / to constitute	口試和筆試各占一半成績。	我在辦公室的時間只占工作的一小部分。	材料費占成本不到一半。	占 + proportion/part expresses a share or percentage within a whole. Common with 一半、三成、很大一部分、不到…等.
9	（在）NP 上	(zài) NP shàng	regarding / in terms of	在價格上，有機蔬果比較貴。	在習慣上，中國人飯後會喝湯。	在個性上，我跟她不太一樣。	在 + NP + 上 frames the aspect you’re talking about (“in terms of”). Often used for comparisons or topic-scoping.
9	給…帶來…	gěi… dàilái…	to bring … to …	好習慣能給人帶來健康。	朋友的關心給他帶來溫暖。	科技發展給生活帶來方便。	給 + recipient + 帶來 + thing expresses an effect/benefit (or sometimes harm) brought to someone/something. Fairly formal.
9	結果	jiéguǒ	as a result / consequently / in the end	他每晚打電動，結果成績不好還被當。	合約沒講清楚，結果多付了幾千塊。	沒買除濕機，結果雨季衣服都發霉。	結果 introduces the outcome of what happened before. Often implies the outcome is notable, sometimes negative, sometimes “in the end.”
10	至於…	zhìyú…	as for… / as to…	至於他傷得多重，我不清楚。	尺寸和款式都合適，至於顏色，我覺得太亮。	我想當警察，至於父母怎麼想，我沒辦法改變。	至於 introduces a new subtopic or shifts focus to another aspect. Often used to add clarification or contrast after a previous statement.
10	看	kàn	depends on	能不能考上公職，還要看運氣。	傷多久才好，要看傷在哪裡。	網店做得好不好，看賣家的誠信。	看 + condition means “it depends on…”. The outcome is determined by the factor that follows. Often used in evaluative or uncertain situations.
10	一向	yīxiàng	all along / has always…	他一向很熱心，喜歡幫助別人。	這公司一向重視品質。	他一向愛開玩笑。	一向 describes a long-standing habit or consistent trait over time. Stronger and more habitual than usually (通常).
10	拿…來說	ná… lái shuō	take… as an example	拿價格來說，我們最便宜。	拿上次比賽來說，我緊張到忘詞。	拿帶薪假來說，兩年就有十天。	Used to introduce a specific example to illustrate a general point. Similar to “for example” but more structured.
10	受 (passive)	shòu	to be subjected to / to receive (passive)	大學教書受人尊敬。	五月天的歌受大學生喜愛。	他受老闆重視。	受 + noun/verb phrase creates a passive meaning, especially in formal contexts (受尊敬、受歡迎、受影響). Emphasizes the effect received.
10	動不動就…	dòng bù dòng jiù…	at the drop of a hat / impulsively	他動不動就換工作。	別動不動就怪別人。	你別動不動就去醫院檢查。	Describes someone doing something too easily or impulsively, often with criticism. Suggests overreaction or lack of restraint.
11	到底	dàodǐ	after all? / how on earth…?	他到底想做什麼？	你到底去不去？	他到底哪裡痛？	到底 adds emphasis in questions. It expresses impatience, curiosity, or surprise—“after all?” / “exactly?” / “how on earth?”
11	甚至	shènzhì	even	這款包很流行，甚至女主角也有一個。	有些小農甚至不用農藥。	外國人甚至特地來臺灣做醫美。	甚至 introduces an extreme or surprising example beyond expectations. It intensifies the previous statement.
11	這麼說	zhème shuō	in that case / if that’s so	這麼說，我不能開服飾店了？	這麼說，他要住院開刀。	這麼說，小農就不怕賣不掉芒果了。	Used in response to previous information. It draws a logical conclusion: “If that’s true, then…”
11	跟 B 有關的 A	gēn B yǒuguān de A	A that is related to B	最近有很多跟網購有關的糾紛。	跟臺灣經濟發展有關的問題可以問他。	跟校外教學有關的活動讓他安排。	跟 + B + 有關的 + A modifies a noun to show relation. It means “A that is connected/related to B.”
11	不得不	bùdébù	have no choice but to	為了傷口快好，我不得不喝魚湯。	他受傷了，不得不退出比賽。	家裡需要錢，她不得不休學工作。	Strong necessity caused by circumstances. More formal and stronger than 只好. Often implies reluctance.
11	以及	yǐjí	as well as / and also	他喜歡英文、歷史以及藝術。	請把外套、鞋子以及日用品放進背包。	這次颱風會影響東部以及南部。	Formal conjunction used in written Chinese to connect nouns or phrases. Similar to “and,” but more formal than 和.
12	只不過…（而已）	zhǐ bùguò… (éryǐ)	merely… / nothing more than…	他只不過國中畢業而已。	我只不過開玩笑而已。	這學期你只修三門課而已。	只不過 minimizes or downplays something. Often paired with 而已 for emphasis. Implies “it’s just…” or “nothing more than…” sometimes with mild criticism or surprise.
12	由	yóu	to be handled by / by (agent introduction)	今晚由張主任演講。	外交事務應由專業外交官處理。	李先生退休後，公司由女兒接手。	由 + agent + V introduces who performs the action. Common in formal or written contexts, especially announcements and passive-style sentences.
12	難道…	nándào…	how could it be that…? / could it really be…?	難道做醫美真的能增加自信？	難道他真的辭職了？	難道你連一塊鳳梨酥都不想吃？	Rhetorical question expressing disbelief, doubt, or challenge. Often expects a negative answer or shows strong emotion.
12	V 滿 (ceiling/limit)	V mǎn	reach a limit / full duration	在公司服務滿一年可以有七天假。	下個月我在臺灣就住滿兩年了。	外國人在臺灣住滿六個月可以申請健保。	滿 after a verb indicates reaching a required amount, duration, or full capacity (住滿、服務滿、十八歲滿). Focuses on completing a threshold.
12	（在）…方面	(zài)… fāngmiàn	in terms of / with respect to	在飲食方面，他很講究。	在經濟方面，中國發展很快。	在個性方面，我們很不一樣。	Used to specify an aspect or category. It narrows discussion to a particular domain (law, morality, quality, personality, etc.). Often used in comparisons or evaluations.

Contemporary Chinese Book 3 Vocabulary And Grammar List

Book 3 Vocabulary List

Book 3 Grammar List

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