50+ Condiments in Japanese

A kitchen table with small bowls of Japanese condiments like soy sauce, miso, mayonnaise, mustard, vinegar, sesame seeds, and chili oil beside labels in English and Japanese.

Condiments in Japanese: 50+ Useful Words and Phrases for Beginners

Learn 調味料と薬味 (Chōmiryō to Yakumi) the way real people use them: sauces, seasonings, spicy add-ons, and little toppings that quietly run the whole meal.

I once watched a friend attack a perfectly good plate of gyoza with ketchup because the soy sauce bottle looked “too official.” The dumplings survived. The table’s dignity did not. Japanese food has a whole tiny universe of sauces, seasonings, and toppings, and once you know the names, menus and condiment stations stop feeling like a polite little ambush.

This guide gives you the words people actually use: the pantry basics, table sauces, sharp spicy extras, fresh 薬味 (yakumi), and those sprinkle-on finishers that make rice, tofu, noodles, and grilled food taste properly alive. Every item includes Japanese text, rōmaji, a clear meaning, and a real example sentence, because memorizing a naked word list is brave but not smart.

Calling everything “sauce” is how you end up putting tonkatsu sauce on cold tofu. Technically possible. Spiritually chaotic.

The 8 Condiments You Will See Constantly

醤油

Shōyu

Soy Sauce

味噌

Miso

Miso

Su

Vinegar

みりん

Mirin

Sweet Cooking Rice Wine

ポン酢

Ponzu

Citrus Soy Sauce

わさび

Wasabi

Wasabi

七味唐辛子

Shichimi Tōgarashi

Seven-Spice Chili

マヨネーズ

Mayonēzu

Mayonnaise

What Counts As A Condiment In Japanese?

The broad everyday word is 調味料 (chōmiryō), which covers seasonings and condiments in general. The slightly more specific word 薬味 (yakumi) means those fresh or aromatic little helpers added at the end, like ginger, green onion, shiso, or myōga. Then you get たれ (tare), which is usually a dipping or glazing sauce, and ソース (sōsu), which often means a thicker sauce, especially the Japanese kind you see with fried foods.

One useful thing beginners miss: not every important Japanese condiment shows up in neat old-school kanji. Plenty of common items are written in hiragana or katakana in real life, like みりん, わさび, or マヨネーズ. So yes, the bottle can look simple and still ruin your confidence. Very rude of it.

Useful Phrases You Can Use At The Table

  • 醤油を少しかけてもいいですか。
    Shōyu o sukoshi kakete mo ii desu ka.
    Can I add a little soy sauce?
  • ポン酢で食べるのが好きです。
    Ponzu de taberu no ga suki desu.
    I like eating it with ponzu.
  • わさび抜きでお願いします。
    Wasabi nuki de onegaishimasu.
    No wasabi, please.
  • 七味をかけすぎました。
    Shichimi o kakesugimashita.
    I added too much seven-spice.
  • ソースは別添えにしてください。
    Sōsu wa betsuzoe ni shite kudasai.
    Please put the sauce on the side.
  • ドレッシングは何がありますか。
    Doresshingu wa nani ga arimasu ka.
    What dressings do you have?
  • ごま油の香りがいいですね。
    Goma abura no kaori ga ii desu ne.
    The sesame oil smells great.
  • 大根おろしを添えてください。
    Daikon oroshi o soete kudasai.
    Please add grated daikon on the side.
  • マヨネーズ多めでお願いします。
    Mayonēzu ōme de onegaishimasu.
    Extra mayo, please.
  • からしは抜きで大丈夫です。
    Karashi wa nuki de daijōbu desu.
    I’m fine without mustard.
  • 焼肉のたれをつけてください。
    Yakiniku no tare o tsukete kudasai.
    Please add yakiniku sauce.
  • この味噌は少し甘いです。
    Kono miso wa sukoshi amai desu.
    This miso is a little sweet.

Core Vocabulary Tables

These are grouped by how you will actually meet them: basics, sauces, spicy things, fresh toppings, sprinkles, and everyday table stuff. Each item gives you Japanese text, rōmaji, meaning, and a sentence you can steal immediately.

Kitchen Basics

JapaneseRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
調味料ChōmiryōCondiments / seasoningsこの店は調味料が豊富です。Kono mise wa chōmiryō ga hōfu desu.This restaurant has lots of condiments.
薬味YakumiAromatic condiment / garnishうどんに薬味をのせます。Udon ni yakumi o nosemasu.I put aromatic toppings on the udon.
砂糖SatōSugar煮物に砂糖を少し入れます。Nimono ni satō o sukoshi iremasu.I add a little sugar to the simmered dish.
ShioSalt天ぷらを塩で食べます。Tempura o shio de tabemasu.I eat tempura with salt.
SuVinegarサラダに酢をかけます。Sarada ni su o kakemasu.I put vinegar on the salad.
醤油ShōyuSoy sauce刺身に醤油をつけます。Sashimi ni shōyu o tsukemasu.I dip sashimi in soy sauce.
味噌MisoMisoこの味噌は香りがいいです。Kono miso wa kaori ga ii desu.This miso smells great.
みりんMirinSweet cooking rice wine照り焼きにみりんを使います。Teriyaki ni mirin o tsukaimasu.I use mirin in teriyaki.

Liquids And Pantry Staples

JapaneseRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
料理酒RyōrishuCooking sake魚の下味に料理酒を使います。Sakana no shitaji ni ryōrishu o tsukaimasu.I use cooking sake to prep fish.
SakeSake / rice wine鍋に酒を少し入れると香りがよくなります。Nabe ni sake o sukoshi ireru to kaori ga yoku narimasu.A little sake makes the hot pot smell better.
ごま油Goma aburaSesame oilナムルにごま油をたらします。Namuru ni goma abura o tarashimasu.I drizzle sesame oil on namul.
サラダ油Sarada aburaVegetable oil炒め物にはサラダ油を使います。Itamemono ni wa sarada abura o tsukaimasu.I use vegetable oil for stir-fries.
だしDashiSoup stock / broth baseだしの味がやさしいです。Dashi no aji ga yasashii desu.The dashi flavor is gentle.
麺つゆMentsuyuNoodle soup baseそうめんを麺つゆで食べます。Sōmen o mentsuyu de tabemasu.I eat somen with noodle sauce.
ポン酢PonzuCitrus soy sauce豆腐にポン酢がよく合います。Tōfu ni ponzu ga yoku aimasu.Ponzu goes well with tofu.
胡麻だれGoma dareSesame sauce冷しゃぶは胡麻だれで食べたいです。Reishabu wa goma dare de tabetai desu.I want to eat cold shabu-shabu with sesame sauce.

Sauce Counter Favorites

JapaneseRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
とんかつソースTonkatsu sōsuTonkatsu sauceとんかつにとんかつソースをかけます。Tonkatsu ni tonkatsu sōsu o kakemasu.I pour tonkatsu sauce on tonkatsu.
中濃ソースChūnō sōsuMedium-thick brown sauceコロッケには中濃ソースが合います。Korokke ni wa chūnō sōsu ga aimasu.Medium-thick sauce goes well with croquettes.
ウスターソースUsutā sōsuWorcestershire sauce焼きそばにウスターソースを入れます。Yakisoba ni usutā sōsu o iremasu.I add Worcestershire sauce to yakisoba.
お好み焼きソースOkonomiyaki sōsuOkonomiyaki sauceお好み焼きソースは甘めです。Okonomiyaki sōsu wa amame desu.Okonomiyaki sauce is on the sweet side.
たこ焼きソースTakoyaki sōsuTakoyaki sauceたこ焼きソースをたっぷりかけました。Takoyaki sōsu o tappuri kakemashita.I poured on plenty of takoyaki sauce.
焼肉のたれYakiniku no tareYakiniku sauce焼肉のたれでご飯が進みます。Yakiniku no tare de gohan ga susumimasu.Yakiniku sauce makes rice disappear fast.
照り焼きソースTeriyaki sōsuTeriyaki sauce鶏肉に照り焼きソースをからめます。Toriniku ni teriyaki sōsu o karame masu.I coat the chicken in teriyaki sauce.
マヨネーズMayonēzuMayonnaise唐揚げにマヨネーズをつける人もいます。Karaage ni mayonēzu o tsukeru hito mo imasu.Some people dip fried chicken in mayo.

Spicy And Sharp

JapaneseRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
わさびWasabiWasabi寿司にわさびを少しのせます。Sushi ni wasabi o sukoshi nosemasu.I put a little wasabi on the sushi.
辛子KarashiJapanese mustardおでんに辛子をつけます。Oden ni karashi o tsukemasu.I eat oden with mustard.
柚子胡椒Yuzu koshōYuzu chili paste鶏鍋に柚子胡椒を入れるとおいしいです。Torinabe ni yuzu koshō o ireru to oishii desu.Chicken hot pot tastes great with yuzu pepper paste.
七味唐辛子Shichimi tōgarashiSeven-spice chili blendうどんに七味唐辛子を振ります。Udon ni shichimi tōgarashi o furimasu.I shake seven-spice onto udon.
一味唐辛子Ichimi tōgarashiGround red chili辛いもの好きなら一味唐辛子がいいです。Karai mono zuki nara ichimi tōgarashi ga ii desu.If you like spicy food, plain chili is a good pick.
山椒SanshōJapanese pepperうなぎに山椒をかけます。Unagi ni sanshō o kakemasu.I sprinkle sansho on eel.
ラー油RāyuChili oil餃子のたれにラー油を足します。Gyōza no tare ni rāyu o tashimasu.I add chili oil to the gyoza sauce.
豆板醤TōbanjanDoubanjiang chili bean pasteスープに豆板醤を少し入れました。Sūpu ni tōbanjan o sukoshi iremashita.I added a little doubanjiang to the soup.

Fresh Yakumi And Fragrant Extras

JapaneseRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
生姜ShōgaGinger冷ややっこに生姜をのせます。Hiyayakko ni shōga o nosemasu.I put ginger on chilled tofu.
にんにくNinnikuGarlic餃子のたれににんにくを入れません。Gyōza no tare ni ninniku o iremasen.I don’t add garlic to the dumpling sauce.
大根おろしDaikon oroshiGrated daikon焼き魚に大根おろしを添えます。Yakizakana ni daikon oroshi o soemasu.I serve grated daikon with grilled fish.
もみじおろしMomiji oroshiSpicy grated daikonもみじおろしは鍋によく合います。Momiji oroshi wa nabe ni yoku aimasu.Momiji oroshi goes well with hot pot.
NegiGreen onionねぎをたっぷり入れてください。Negi o tappuri irete kudasai.Please add lots of green onion.
大葉ŌbaShiso leaf大葉はさっぱりした香りです。Ōba wa sappari shita kaori desu.Shiso leaf has a fresh aroma.
茗荷MyōgaJapanese ginger budそうめんに茗荷をのせると夏っぽいです。Sōmen ni myōga o noseru to natsuppoi desu.Myoga on somen feels very summery.
柚子YuzuYuzu citrus柚子の皮を少し散らしました。Yuzu no kawa o sukoshi chirashimashita.I scattered a little yuzu peel on top.

Sprinkles And Dry Toppings

JapaneseRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
ふりかけFurikakeRice seasoning sprinkleご飯にふりかけをかけます。Gohan ni furikake o kakemasu.I sprinkle furikake on rice.
胡麻塩GomashioSesame saltおにぎりに胡麻塩を使いました。Onigiri ni gomashio o tsukaimashita.I used sesame salt on the rice ball.
白ごまShiro gomaWhite sesame白ごまをサラダに散らします。Shiro goma o sarada ni chirashimasu.I scatter white sesame on the salad.
黒ごまKuro gomaBlack sesameアイスに黒ごまをかけると香ばしいです。Aisu ni kuro goma o kakeru to kōbashii desu.Black sesame on ice cream tastes nutty.
すりごまSuri gomaGround sesameほうれん草にすりごまを和えます。Hōrensō ni suri goma o aemasu.I mix ground sesame with spinach.
青のりAonoriDried green seaweed青のりをかけるとたこ焼きらしくなります。Aonori o kakeru to takoyaki rashiku narimasu.Aonori makes it feel like real takoyaki.
刻み海苔Kizami noriShredded nori丼に刻み海苔をのせます。Don ni kizami nori o nosemasu.I put shredded nori on the rice bowl.
鰹節KatsuobushiBonito flakesたこ焼きの上で鰹節が踊っています。Takoyaki no ue de katsuobushi ga odotte imasu.The bonito flakes are dancing on the takoyaki.

Everyday Table Condiments

JapaneseRōmajiMeaningExample (JP)Example (Rōmaji)Translation (EN)
ケチャップKechappuKetchupオムライスにケチャップをかけます。Omuraisu ni kechappu o kakemasu.I put ketchup on omurice.
マスタードMasutādoMustardホットドッグにマスタードを塗ります。Hottodoggu ni masutādo o nurimasu.I spread mustard on the hot dog.
胡椒KoshōPepperスープに胡椒を少し振ります。Sūpu ni koshō o sukoshi furimasu.I add a little pepper to the soup.
唐辛子TōgarashiChili pepperこのラー油は唐辛子の香りが強いです。Kono rāyu wa tōgarashi no kaori ga tsuyoi desu.This chili oil has a strong chili aroma.
蜂蜜HachimitsuHoneyヨーグルトに蜂蜜を入れます。Yōguruto ni hachimitsu o iremasu.I add honey to yogurt.
ジャムJamuJamトーストにいちごジャムを塗りました。Tōsuto ni ichigo jamu o nurimashita.I spread strawberry jam on toast.
バターBatāButterじゃがいもにバターをのせます。Jagaimo ni batā o nosemasu.I put butter on the potato.
ドレッシングDoresshinguDressingサラダのドレッシングは別にしてください。Sarada no doresshingu wa betsu ni shite kudasai.Please keep the salad dressing separate.

Fast Confusion Fixes

  • 調味料 (chōmiryō) is the broad word for condiments and seasonings.
  • 薬味 (yakumi) is usually a fresh, aromatic add-on like ginger, green onion, shiso, or myōga.
  • たれ (tare) often means a dipping, coating, or grilling sauce.
  • ソース (sōsu) usually means a thicker sauce, especially with fried foods.
  • 抜き (nuki) means “without it,” so わさび抜き means no wasabi.
  • 別添え (betsuzoe) means “served on the side,” which is wildly useful and almost suspiciously efficient.

Yak Tip Before You Panic At The Sauce Station

If you only remember six words this week, make them 調味料 (chōmiryō), 薬味 (yakumi), 醤油 (shōyu), ポン酢 (ponzu), わさび抜き (wasabi nuki), and 別添え (betsuzoe). That tiny set gets you through a shocking amount of Japanese dining without random sauce drama.